Detailed explanation of Golang type conversion: from entry to proficiency

Type conversion in Golang is a commonly used operation, especially when dealing with conversion between different data types. This article will provide readers with a detailed analysis of the relevant knowledge of type conversion in Golang from basic concepts to advanced applications, and provide specific code examples.

1. Basic concepts

In Golang, type conversion is the process of converting a value of one type into a value of another type. Type conversion in Golang needs to be done explicitly, usually using parentheses plus the type to be converted. It should be noted that Golang does not allow implicit type conversion, so type compatibility needs to be ensured before performing type conversion.

The basic syntax of type conversion is as follows:

newType := desiredType(expression)

Among them, desiredType represents the target type to be converted, and expression is the expression to be converted. Mode.

2. Basic type conversion

1. Integer conversion

Conversion between integer types in Golang is relatively simple and straightforward. You only need to add Just click on the target type. For example:

var a int = 10
var b int64 = int64(a)
fmt.Println(b)

2. Floating point type conversion

Conversion between floating point types is also similar to integer type. You only need to add the target type before the floating point type to be converted. For example:

var x float32 = 3.14
var y float64 = float64(x)
fmt.Println(y)

3. String conversion

String conversion usually occurs between strings and other basic types. A common way to convert a string to another type is to use the functions in the strconv package. For example:

str := "123"
num, _ := strconv.Atoi(str)
fmt.Println(num)

3. Complex type conversion

1. Array and slice conversion

Conversion between arrays and slices requires traversing the array and copying elements one by one. For example, convert an array to a slice:

arr := [3]int{1, 2, 3}
slice := arr[:]
fmt.Println(slice)

2. Structure conversion

Conversion between structures can be assigned directly, provided that the field types of the two structures are the same and the number of fields same. For example:

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age int
}

type Employee struct {
    Name string
    Age int
}

person := Person{"Alice", 30}
employee := Employee(person)
fmt.Println(employee)

4. Advanced Application

1. Interface Type Assertion

Interface type conversion is one of the more important functions in Golang. You can determine the content of the interface through type assertion. specific type and convert it. For example:

var i interface{} = "hello"
str, ok := i.(string)
if ok {
    fmt.Println(str)
}

2. Custom type conversion

In Golang, you can use the type keyword to create a custom type, and converting a custom type is also a common operation . For example:

type MyInt int
var num MyInt = 10
newNum := int(num)
fmt.Println(newNum)

The above are the basic concepts of type conversion in Golang, basic type conversion, complex type conversion and some advanced application examples. Through the analysis of this article, readers can have a deeper understanding of the relevant knowledge of type conversion in Golang, and can flexibly use it in actual development. I hope readers will have a clearer understanding of Golang type conversion by reading this article.

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