search
HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorialrelay fetch解决mysql replication主从延迟_MySQL

bitsCN.com

relay fetch解决mysql replication主从延迟

 

   Mysql复制单线程的本质意味着从服务器效率的降低,即使从服务器有很多磁盘、cpu、和内存,也很容易落后于主服务器,因为从服务器的单线程只能有效的使用一个cpu和磁盘。

 

  从服务器上的锁定也是一个问题,运行在从服务器上的另外的查询也会加锁并阻塞复制线程。复制是单线程,复制线程(sql_thread)除了等待也不能做别的事情。

 

  为了解决这个问题,业界开发了一些补丁解决这类问题,一个思路是由复制单线程改进为多线程。另外一种是在从服务器上通过并行IO把数据预先提取到内存中。

 

  这个主意的想法是通过程序,让他比从服务器的sql线程稍微提前一点在中继日志中读取到查询语句,并将其作为select语句来执行,这导致服务器把一些数据从磁盘读取到内存,因此当从服务器的sql线程从中继日志中执行命令的时候,它就不需要等待从磁盘读取数据。Select并行处理从服务器必须串行处理的I/O。

 

   程序应该在sql线程前多久执行这个是要确定的问题。提前太多,提取到缓存到的数据会被清空。可以尝试几秒钟,或者中继日志中相同的字节数

 

   Io密集型从服务器利用这个方案将取得明显效果。

 

   广泛分布的单行update命令和delete命令操作,数据预热效果明显,大批量的insert命令可能不会有太大明显提高。

基本思路原理 

 

在备库sql线程执行更新之前,预先将相应的数据加载到内存中,并不能提高sql_thread线程执行sql的能力,也不能加快io_thread线程读取日志的速度。

 

relay fetch解决mysql replication主从延迟_MySQL

 

限制

 

  1 目前仅支持主库binlog ROW模式

 

  2 表需要有主键或唯一索引

 

  3 忽略test和mysql数据库

 

  4 如果数据库中存在类似tbname_1、tbname_2这样命名的多个表,但其表模式却不相同时,请加上-t选项,例如:tb_1 tb_2 tb_3这样命名的三个表,默认情况下,被认为是同样模式的表,这个特点是淘宝为了适应他们自己的数据库环境

 

  5 默认最多支持10000个用户表,如果学员支持更多表,可以通过修改宏MAX_TABLE_NUM来进行调整。

 

 

 

获取源码 

 

  安装svn客户端从下列地址获取源码:

 

svn checkout http://relay-fetch.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/

 

安装编译:

 

make

 

make的时候需要根据mysql安装环境修改Makefile配置文件,relay-fetch依赖mysql的lib库文件等,gcc编译的时候指定,如下红色标示部分:

 

#locate your libmysqlclient_r.so

 

 

 

all:

 

        gcc -g -O0 -Wall-o relayfetch relayfetch.c -I/usr/local/mysql/include/-L/usr/local/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient_r -lpthread

 

 

 

clean:

 

        rm -rf *.orelayfetch

 

 

 

32位系统安装有warning ,如下

 

relayfetch.c: In function ‘daemon_rf’:

 

relayfetch.c:2599: warning: format ‘%lu’ expects type ‘longunsigned int’, but argument 4 has type ‘long long unsigned int’

 

relayfetch.c:2599: warning: format ‘%lu’ expects type ‘longunsigned int’, but argument 4 has type ‘long long unsigned int’

 

不是错误error,没有太多影响

 

安装完毕,在安装目录下运行./relayfetch –h,了解一下relayfetch 常用参数,如果报如下错误error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.16/18:cannot open shared object file

 

应该是mysql的lib库文件引用问题,建立如下类似软链接

 

32位

 

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib/

 

 

 

64位

 

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib64/

 

 

 

使用

 

运行: ./relayfetch -h来获取选项

 

主要选项包括:

-d debug

-D 后台运行

-p 密码

-u 用户名,请以root用户运行

-P mysqld端口号

-s 整数,单位为M,当read线程超过sql线程position这么多字节数时,会等待sql线程,默认为1M

-S mysql sock文件路径

-n worker线程数目。默认为5

-a 当seconds_behind_master大于这个值时,会唤醒relayfetch,默认为1s

-t 当使用该选项时,表明不使用分表规则(例如,表name_1 和表name_2会被视为同一类表)

 

我们可以通过端口号来运行

 

./relayfetch-uroot -t -P3306

 

或者通过sock来运行

 

./relayfetch-S /u01/mysql/run/mysql.sock -uroot

 

测试效果

 

bitsCN.com
Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Explain the InnoDB Buffer Pool and its importance for performance.Explain the InnoDB Buffer Pool and its importance for performance.Apr 19, 2025 am 12:24 AM

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

MySQL vs. Other Programming Languages: A ComparisonMySQL vs. Other Programming Languages: A ComparisonApr 19, 2025 am 12:22 AM

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages ​​such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages ​​have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

Learning MySQL: A Step-by-Step Guide for New UsersLearning MySQL: A Step-by-Step Guide for New UsersApr 19, 2025 am 12:19 AM

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL: Essential Skills for Beginners to MasterMySQL: Essential Skills for Beginners to MasterApr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL: Structured Data and Relational DatabasesMySQL: Structured Data and Relational DatabasesApr 18, 2025 am 12:22 AM

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL: Key Features and Capabilities ExplainedMySQL: Key Features and Capabilities ExplainedApr 18, 2025 am 12:17 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

The Purpose of SQL: Interacting with MySQL DatabasesThe Purpose of SQL: Interacting with MySQL DatabasesApr 18, 2025 am 12:12 AM

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

MySQL for Beginners: Getting Started with Database ManagementMySQL for Beginners: Getting Started with Database ManagementApr 18, 2025 am 12:10 AM

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Tools

mPDF

mPDF

mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download

A free and powerful IDE editor launched by Microsoft

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

EditPlus Chinese cracked version

Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use