Common commands for managing file systems and disks in Linux!

In Linux systems, file system management and disk management are one of the necessary skills for operation and maintenance engineers, and they are very important parts of the operating system, so they are also provided There are many commands and tools, so how does Linux manage file systems and disks? The following is a detailed introduction.

In a Linux system, to manage file systems and disks, you can use some basic commands and tools, such as fdisk, parted, mkfs, mount, df, etc.

　1. View file system and disk information

Before managing file systems and disks in a Linux system, you must first understand the file system and disk information in the system. You can use the following commands to view disk and file system information in the system:

　# View hard disk information

　sudo fdisk -l

　# View file system information

　sudo df -h

　2. Disk partitioning and formatting

In a Linux system, to use a disk, you need to partition it and format the partition. Disks can be partitioned using the fdisk and parted tools.

　# Use fdisk to partition the disk

　sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

　# Use parted to partition the disk in MB

　sudo parted/dev/sdb

　(parted)

　(parted)print

　(parted)unit MB

　(parted)mklabel gpt

　(parted)mkpart primary 0 1000

　(parted)print

　(parted)quit

After the partitioning is completed, each partition needs to be formatted. Commonly used formatting commands include mkfs.ext4, mkfs.ntfs, mkfs.fat32, etc.

　# Format partition

　sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

　3. Mounting and unmounting file systems

In the Linux system, the file system needs to be mounted to the specified path for use. You can set the option of automatic mounting of the card machine in the /etc/fstab file.

　# Mount file system

　sudo mount /dev/sdb1/mnt

　# Uninstall file system

　sudo umount /mnt

　4. Expand or shrink the file system

During use, you may need to expand or shrink the file system. You can use the resize2fs command.

　#Expand the current file system

　sudo resize2fs /dev/sdb1

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