UbuntuServerUbuntuMysql集群
bitsCN.comUbuntu Server部署MysqlCluster集群
部署环境:
系统:ubuntu-12.04.1-server-i386.iso
Cluster:mysql-cluster-gpl-7.0.37-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
说明:
1、部署之前不要装Mysql,有的人部署是用Mysql部署的,但是如果你使用cluster二进制,就不要装Mysql
2、有的系统有些命令使用不了,所以这些也要注意
准备:
三台电脑
Mgm节点:192.168.21.183
Data节点:192.168.21.60
SQL节点:192.168.21.19
(一)安装管理节点
1、解压文件tar -zvxf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.0.37-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz2、创建安装目录mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/ndbdatacd mysql-cluster-gpl-7.0.37-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gzcp bin/ndb_mgmd /usr/local/bincp bin/ndb_mgm /usr/local/bin3、配置日志文件存储目录mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster4、创建配置文件目录及文件mkdir /usr/local/mysql/cluster-confvi /usr/local/mysql/cluster-conf/config.ini
==================配置文件内容===================[ndbd default] NoOfReplicas=2 #复制成员个数DataMemory=80M #数据存储可以分配的内存IndexMemory=18M #索引存储可以分配的内存 [ndb_mgmd] #定义管理节点的IP地址或主机名id=1HostName=192.168.21.183DataDir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster [ndbd] #定义数据节点id=11 HostName=192.168.21.60DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/ndbdata [ndbd] [mysqld]#定义SQL节点id=21 HostName=192.168.21.19====================================================
(二)安装数据节点
解压文件tar -zvxf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.0.37-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz创建安装目录mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/binmkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/ndbdata拷贝执行文件cp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.0.37-linux-i686-glibc23/bin/ndbd /usr/local/mysql/bin添加执行文件路径vi ~/.bash_profilePATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin创建配置文件:vi /etc/my.cnf分别在主机添加如下内容:[mysql_cluster] #配置数据节点连接管理节点ndb-connectstring=192.168.21.183
(三)安装SQL节点
解压文件tar -zvxf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.0.37-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz拷贝安装文件mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.0.37-linux-i686-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql添加mysql用户groupadd mysqluseradd -g mysql mysql添加权限chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql拷贝配置文件cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf初始化数据库cd /usr/local/mysqlscripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql拷贝守护进程所需文件cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld配置守护进程chkconfig –add mysqldchkconfig –level 35 mysqld on添加执行文件路径vi ~/.bash_profilePATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin更改配置文件vi /etc/my.cnf分别编辑如下信息:[mysqld] #配置SQL节点与管理节点连接port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sockndbclusterndb-connectstring=192.168.21.183
(四)启动及关闭Cluster
启动循序:管理节点--->数据节点--->SQL节点
1,启动管理节点cd /usr/local/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /usr/local/mysql/cluster-conf/config.inindb_mgm(查看节点连接情况)2,启动数据节点/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd --initial(第一次启动是用这个命令)/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd(以后用这个命令)3,启动SQL节点/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
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MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system suitable for data storage, management, query and security. 1. It supports a variety of operating systems and is widely used in Web applications and other fields. 2. Through the client-server architecture and different storage engines, MySQL processes data efficiently. 3. Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, inserting, querying and updating data. 4. Advanced usage involves complex queries and stored procedures. 5. Common errors can be debugged through the EXPLAIN statement. 6. Performance optimization includes the rational use of indexes and optimized query statements.

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

InnoDB's lock mechanisms include shared locks, exclusive locks, intention locks, record locks, gap locks and next key locks. 1. Shared lock allows transactions to read data without preventing other transactions from reading. 2. Exclusive lock prevents other transactions from reading and modifying data. 3. Intention lock optimizes lock efficiency. 4. Record lock lock index record. 5. Gap lock locks index recording gap. 6. The next key lock is a combination of record lock and gap lock to ensure data consistency.

The main reasons for poor MySQL query performance include not using indexes, wrong execution plan selection by the query optimizer, unreasonable table design, excessive data volume and lock competition. 1. No index causes slow querying, and adding indexes can significantly improve performance. 2. Use the EXPLAIN command to analyze the query plan and find out the optimizer error. 3. Reconstructing the table structure and optimizing JOIN conditions can improve table design problems. 4. When the data volume is large, partitioning and table division strategies are adopted. 5. In a high concurrency environment, optimizing transactions and locking strategies can reduce lock competition.

In database optimization, indexing strategies should be selected according to query requirements: 1. When the query involves multiple columns and the order of conditions is fixed, use composite indexes; 2. When the query involves multiple columns but the order of conditions is not fixed, use multiple single-column indexes. Composite indexes are suitable for optimizing multi-column queries, while single-column indexes are suitable for single-column queries.

To optimize MySQL slow query, slowquerylog and performance_schema need to be used: 1. Enable slowquerylog and set thresholds to record slow query; 2. Use performance_schema to analyze query execution details, find out performance bottlenecks and optimize.

MySQL and SQL are essential skills for developers. 1.MySQL is an open source relational database management system, and SQL is the standard language used to manage and operate databases. 2.MySQL supports multiple storage engines through efficient data storage and retrieval functions, and SQL completes complex data operations through simple statements. 3. Examples of usage include basic queries and advanced queries, such as filtering and sorting by condition. 4. Common errors include syntax errors and performance issues, which can be optimized by checking SQL statements and using EXPLAIN commands. 5. Performance optimization techniques include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and improving code readability.


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