Explore the operating mechanism and practical application cases of the Struts framework

The Struts framework, as a classic Java Web application framework, is widely used in enterprise-level application development. This article will provide an in-depth analysis of the working principle of the Struts framework and provide some application cases. It will also attach specific code examples to help readers better understand.

1. The working principle of the Struts framework

The Struts framework adopts the MVC (Model-View-Controller) design pattern and is mainly composed of the following core components:

1. Controller: Responsible for receiving user requests and processing them accordingly. In Struts, the controller is usually a Servlet, which schedules specific business logic processing based on the mapping relationship between the requested URL and the configuration file.
2. Model: Responsible for processing business logic and data operations. In Struts, models are generally composed of JavaBeans or business logic classes, which are used to handle business logic and database interaction.
3. View (View): Responsible for displaying data to users. In Struts, a view is usually a JSP page that is responsible for displaying the data in the model to the user.

When a user initiates a request, the request will first reach the Struts controller. The controller finds the corresponding Action class to process the request based on the requested URL. The Action class will call the corresponding model according to the requested parameters for business logic processing, and finally pass the results to the view to display to the user.

2. Application Case of Struts Framework

Next, we will demonstrate the specific application of Struts framework through a simple application case of login function.

1. Create an Action class named LoginAction to handle user login requests:

public class LoginAction extends Action {
    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

        LoginForm loginForm = (LoginForm) form;
        String username = loginForm.getUsername();
        String password = loginForm.getPassword();

        // 省略验证用户名密码的代码

        return mapping.findForward("success"); // 跳转到登录成功页面
    }
}

2. Create an Action class named ## The form class of #LoginForm is used to encapsulate user login information:

public class LoginForm extends ActionForm {
    private String username;
    private String password;

    // 省略getter和setter方法
}

Create a struts configuration file
3. struts-config.xml, configure the Action class and View mapping relationship:

<action-mappings>
    <action path="/login" type="com.example.LoginAction" name="loginForm" scope="request">
        <forward name="success" path="/loginSuccess.jsp"/>
    </action>
</action-mappings>

Create a JSP page
4. login.jsp to display the login form:

<form action="login.do" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="password" name="password">
    <input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>

Create a JSP page
5. loginSuccess.jsp, which will be displayed after the user successfully logs in:

<p>登录成功！欢迎您，${username}。</p>

Through the above simple application case, we can see how the Struts framework controls, The model and view are effectively separated to achieve excellent code structure and business process control.

Conclusion

This article deeply analyzes the working principle of the Struts framework and provides a simple application case, hoping to help readers better understand the use of the Struts framework. In actual development, you can flexibly use the Struts framework according to your own needs and project scale to improve development efficiency and code quality.

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