Hongmeng native application random poetry

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Running environment

DAYU200:4.0.10.16

SDK：4.0.10.15

IDE：4.0.600

1. Create an application

Click File->new File->Create Progect.

Select template:

【OpenHarmony】Empty Ability：

Fill in the project name, shici, application package name com.nut.shici, and application storage location XXX (no Chinese, special characters, or spaces).

Compile SDK10, Model: Stage.

Device Type is fine by default.

node, 16.20.1 is recommended.

After completing the above configuration, click Finish.

Choose to open in a new window and wait for the dependencies to be loaded. as the picture shows.

If you get an error when loading dependencies, check your network.

2. Run HelloWord

Power the development board and connect the development board to the computer, as shown in the figure:

sign:

Steps to sign:

Click File->Project struct.

Select the third item Signing Configs.

Here we only need to check Automatically generate. We do not need to check Support HarmonyOS because we are running a development board.

Click Apply or OK.

Now click the button to run the project.

Console printing information:

$ hdc uninstall com.nut.shici
$ hdc shell mkdir data/local/tmp/a1bdb2dbe1724c67a1106c360a3f1d35
$ hdc file send "/Users/jianguo/Desktop/teaching/ohcode/shici/entry/build/default/outputs/default/entry-default-signed.hap" "data/local/tmp/a1bdb2dbe1724c67a1106c360a3f1d35"
$ hdc shell bm install -p data/local/tmp/a1bdb2dbe1724c67a1106c360a3f1d35 
$ hdc shell rm -rf data/local/tmp/a1bdb2dbe1724c67a1106c360a3f1d35
$ hdc shell aa start -a EntryAbility -b com.nut.shici

Proof that the project has been successfully run on the development board.

3. Modify the icon and name

Modify application icon and name:

The directory is in AppScope/app.json5.

{
"app": {
"bundleName": "com.nut.shici",
"vendor": "example",
"versionCode": 1000000,
"versionName": "1.0.0",
"icon": "$media:app_icon",
"label": "$string:app_name"
}
}

As shown in the figure after modification:

After the modification is successful, as shown in the figure:

Open method, in the Settings-Application Management column.

Modify desktop icons and names

Modify the label and icon in src/main/module.json5 as shown in the figure.

When we modify the label, we just need to modify it in the Chinese directory.

{
"module": {
"name": "entry",
"type": "entry",
"description": "$string:module_desc",
"mainElement": "EntryAbility",
"deviceTypes": [
"default",
"tablet"
],
"deliveryWithInstall": true,
"installationFree": false,
"pages": "$profile:main_pages",
"abilities": [
{
"name": "EntryAbility",
"srcEntry": "./ets/entryability/EntryAbility.ets",
"description": "$string:EntryAbility_desc",
"icon": "$media:icon",
"label": "$string:EntryAbility_label",
"startWindowIcon": "$media:startIcon",
"startWindowBackground": "$color:start_window_background",
"exported": true,
"skills": [
{
"entities": [
"entity.system.home"
],
"actions": [
"action.system.home"
]
}
]
}
]
}
}

Modify the Chinese directory.

The effect is as shown in the figure:

4. Add relevant permissions

Because network data is needed, add the intent permission.

Add configuration in modele in src/main/module.json5, and then async.

"requestPermissions": [{
"name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET"
}],

5. Define the data model

Create a new model folder in the ets directory.

Create a new TS File.

export class ShiciModel {
code: number = 0
message: string = ""
data: ShiCi = new ShiCi()
}

export class ShiCi {
content: string = ""
author: string = ""

origin: string = ""
category: string = ""
c1: string = ""
c2: string = ""
c3: string = ""

// "content": "微雨过，小荷翻。榴花开欲然。",
// "author": "苏轼",
// "origin": "阮郎归·初夏",
// "category": "古诗文-植物-荷花",
// "c1": "gushiwen",
// "c2": "zhiwu",
// "c3": "hehua"
}

6. Load network data

Interface Description

Prepare the data,

interface

Interface address: https://v2.alapi.cn/api/shici

Request method: [ “GET”, “POST” ]

Request parameters:

name	Required	type	describe	Example
token	true	string	Request token and obtain it from the user center.	User center gets token
format	false	string	返回格式,支持json,text	json
type		string	诗词类型	all

• type 参数值说明
• all 所有类型
• shuqing抒情
• siji四季
• shanshui山水
• tianqi天气
• renwu人物
• shenghuo生活
• jieri节日
• dongwu动物
• zhiwu植物

返回参数:

名称	描述
content	诗词内容
author	作者
origin	诗词题

测试接口

测试工具：Postamn。

{
"code": 200,
"msg": "success",
"data": {
"content": "地冷叶先尽，谷寒云不行。",
"author": "李白",
"origin": "冬日归旧山",
"category": "古诗文-植物-叶子",
"c1": "gushiwen",
"c2": "zhiwu",
"c3": "yezi"
},
"time": 1704770459,
"usage": 0,
"log_id": "603184784204148736"
}

测试如图所示：

创建HTTP请求

导入http模块：

import http from '@ohos.net.http';
import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base';

创建createHttp：

let httpRequest = http.createHttp();

填写HTTP地址：

httpRequest.request(// 填写HTTP请求的URL地址，可以带参数也可以不带参数。URL地址需要开发者自定义。请求的参数可以在extraData中指定
"https://v2.alapi.cn/api/shici",
{
method: http.RequestMethod.GET, // 可选，默认为http.RequestMethod.GET
// // 开发者根据自身业务需要添加header字段
header: [{
'Content-Type': 'application/json'
}],
// 当使用POST请求时此字段用于传递内容
extraData: {
"token": "自己的token",
"type": "all",
"format": "json"
},
 
}, (err: BusinessError, data: http.HttpResponse) => {
 
}
);

对网络数据的处理：

if (!err) {


// data.result为HTTP响应内容，可根据业务需要进行解析
console.info('Result:' + JSON.stringify(data.result));
console.info('code:' + JSON.stringify(data.responseCode));
// data.header为HTTP响应头，可根据业务需要进行解析
console.info('header:' + JSON.stringify(data.header));
console.info('cookies:' + JSON.stringify(data.cookies)); // 8+
// 当该请求使用完毕时，调用destroy方法主动销毁
httpRequest.destroy();
} else {
this.message = JSON.stringify(err)
console.error('error:' + JSON.stringify(err));
// 取消订阅HTTP响应头事件
httpRequest.off('headersReceive');
// 当该请求使用完毕时，调用destroy方法主动销毁
httpRequest.destroy();
}

完成以上配置以后。

在应用程序里测试网络请求。

build() {

Column() {

Button("测试网络请求").onClick(() => {
this.httpData()
})
}.width("100%").height("100%").justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)
}
}

如图所示：

测试成功。

如果2300006错误码，请检查网络。

七、UI

数据获取到之后，我们就剩在页面上显示了。

U I布局如图所示。

build() {

Column() {
Text(this.shici.origin).fontSize(30).fontWeight(800)
Text(this.shici.author).fontSize(20).fontWeight(300).fontColor(Color.Orange)
Text(this.shici.category).fontSize(20).fontWeight(300).fontColor(Color.Green)


}.width("100%").height("100%").justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)
}

八、完整源码

import http from '@ohos.net.http';
import { BusinessError } from '@ohos.base';
import promptAction from '@ohos.promptAction';
import { ShiCi, ShiciModel } from '../../model/ShiCiModel';


class shiciType {
title: string = ""
desc: string = ""
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
@State shici: ShiCi = new ShiCi()
@State typeList: Array = [
{ title: "抒情",
desc: "shuqing"

},
{ title: "四季",
desc: "siji"

},
{ title: "山水",
desc: "shanshui"

}
,
{ title: "天气",
desc: "tianqi"

}


]

aboutToAppear() {
this.httpData("all")
}

httpData(type: string) {


// 3.每一个httpRequest对应一个HTTP请求任务，不可复用
let httpRequest = http.createHttp();
//4.
httpRequest.request(// 填写HTTP请求的URL地址，可以带参数也可以不带参数。URL地址需要开发者自定义。请求的参数可以在extraData中指定
"https://v2.alapi.cn/api/shici",
{
method: http.RequestMethod.GET, // 可选，默认为http.RequestMethod.GET
// // 开发者根据自身业务需要添加header字段
header: [{
'Content-Type': 'application/json'
}],
// 当使用POST请求时此字段用于传递内容
extraData: {
"token": "你的token",

"type": type,
"format": "json"
},

}, (err: BusinessError, data: http.HttpResponse) => {
if (!err) {
// data.result为HTTP响应内容，可根据业务需要进行解析
console.info('Result:' + JSON.stringify(data.result));
let ShiciModel: ShiciModel = JSON.parse(data.result.toString())
this.shici = ShiciModel.data

console.info('code:' + JSON.stringify(data.responseCode));
 
// 当该请求使用完毕时，调用destroy方法主动销毁
httpRequest.destroy();
} else {

console.error('error:' + JSON.stringify(err));
// 取消订阅HTTP响应头事件
httpRequest.off('headersReceive');
// 当该请求使用完毕时，调用destroy方法主动销毁
httpRequest.destroy();
}
}
);
}

build() {

Column() {


Row() {
ForEach(this.typeList, (item: shiciType) => {

Text(item.title).fontSize(30).margin(20)
.onClick(() => {

this.httpData(item.desc)
})
})

}

Button(
"抒情"
).onClick(() => {
this.httpData("shuqing")
})

Button(
"四季"
).onClick(() => {
this.httpData("siji")
})


Text(this.shici.origin).fontSize(30).fontWeight(800)
Text(this.shici.author).fontSize(20).fontWeight(300).fontColor(Color.Orange)
Text(this.shici.category).fontSize(20).fontWeight(300).fontColor(Color.Green)


}.width("100%").height("100%").justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)
}
}

九、总结

本文我们学习了基础组件的使用，网络请求，以及状态管理。

十、FAQ

2300006 域名解析失败

错误信息

Couldn’t resolve host name。

错误描述

服务器的域名无法解析。

可能原因

• 传入的服务器的URL不正确。
• 网络不通畅。

处理步骤

• 请检查输入的服务器的URL是否合理。
• 请检查网络连接情况

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