Difference: CSS, Less and Sass

The difference between CSS, Less and Sass

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a markup language used to describe the style and layout on web pages. It allows developers to control the layout, fonts, colors, etc. of web pages. However, pure CSS syntax is relatively simple and cannot handle complex style logic and variables, which leads to the limitations of CSS.

In order to solve the limitations of CSS, various CSS preprocessors began to appear. Two of the most well-known are Less and Sass (Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets). They are all extensions based on CSS syntax, providing more functions and features, making it easier for developers to write style sheets.

The following will introduce the differences between CSS, Less and Sass in detail, and give specific code examples.

1. CSS

CSS is a markup language used to define the style of web pages. Through CSS, you can define the color, font, background, border and other attributes of web page elements. The syntax of CSS is very simple. The sample code is as follows:

body {
  background-color: #f2f2f2;
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
}

h1 {
  color: #333333;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: bold;
}

2. Less

Less is a CSS preprocessor that extends the functions of CSS and introduces variables, Features such as nested rules, operations, blending, and more. By using Less, you can write style sheets more efficiently. The sample code is as follows:

@base-color: #f2f2f2;

body {
  background-color: @base-color;
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
}

h1 {
  color: darken(@base-color, 10%);
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: bold;
}

In the above example, the variable function of Less is used by defining a basic color and then referencing the variable in the style. In addition, the blending function of Less is also used, through blending rules, multiple style attributes can be merged into one rule.

3. Sass

Sass is another CSS preprocessor that also extends the functionality of CSS, providing more features and flexibility. Sass uses indentation syntax instead of braces, which makes code more readable. The sample code is as follows:

$base-color: #f2f2f2

body
  background-color: $base-color
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif

h1
  color: darken($base-color, 10%)
  font-size: 24px
  font-weight: bold

In the above example, the variable function of Sass is used by defining a basic color and then referencing the variable in the style. Sass also supports nested rules and operations, making the writing of style sheets more concise and readable.

Summary:

The differences between CSS, Less and Sass mainly lie in functional and syntactic differences. CSS is a simple markup language with limited functions; Less and Sass are extensions of CSS, providing variables, nested rules, operations, mixing and other functions to make style sheet writing more efficient and flexible. The main difference between Less and Sass is syntax, Less uses CSS-like syntax, while Sass uses indentation syntax. Depending on personal preference and project needs, you can choose to use CSS, Less, or Sass to write style sheets.

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