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bitsCN.com阿里云服务器新建用户
本文包括了新建服务器用户和新建MySQL用户的方法:
一. 新建服务器用户:
用户管理,主要的工作就是建立一个合法的用户帐户、设置和管理用户的密码、修改用户帐户的属性以及在必要时删除已经废弃的用户帐号。
1)增加一个新用户
在Linux系统中,只有root用户才能够创建一个新用户,如下的命令将新建一个登录名user1的用户。
#useradd user1
但是,这个用户还不能够登录,因为还没给它设置初始密码,而没有密码的用户是不能够登录系统的。在默认情况下,将会在/home目录下新建一个与用户名相同的用户主目录。
在Linux中,新增一个用户的同时会创建一个新组,这个组与该用户同名,而这个用户就是该组的成员。如果你想让新的用户归属于一个已经存在的组,则可以使用如下命令:
#useradd -g usergroup1 user1
这样该用户就属于usergroup1组的一员了。而如果想让其再属于一个组usergroup2,那么使用:
#useradd -G usergroup2 user1
完成了这一操作后,你还应该使用passwd命令为其设置一个初始密码。
2)删除一个用户
删除用户,只需使用一个简单的命令“userdel用户名”即可。不过最好将它留在系统上的文件也删除掉,你可以使用“userdel-r用户名”来实现这一目的。
3)增加一个组
我们可以根据自己的需要创建用户组:
groupadd
4)删除一个组
同样的,我们有时会需要删除一个组,它的命令就是groupdel。
二. 安装mysql和创建mysql用户:
1.[root@test1 local]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server
这条命令同时安装了mysql客户端和mysql服务器端
2.测试是否成功可运行netstat看Mysql端口是否打开,如打开表示服务已经启动,安装成功。Mysql默认的端口是3306。
[root@test1 local]# netstat –nat
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
上面显示可以看出MySQL服务已经启动。
3.登录MySQL的命令是mysql
第一次进时只需键入mysql即可。
[root@test1 local]# mysql
增加了密码后的登录格式如下:
mysql -u root -p
Enter password: (输入密码)
3.MySQL的几个重要的目录
1).数据库目录
/var/lib/mysql/
2).配置文件
/usr/share/mysql(mysql.server命令及配置文件)
3)相关命令
/usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump等命令)
4)启动脚本
/etc/rc.d/init.d/(启动脚本文件mysqld的目录)
4.修改登录密码
1)命令
usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’
格式:mysqladmin -u用户名 -p旧密码 password 新密码
2)例子
例1:给root加个密码123456。
键入以下命令 :
[root@test1 local]# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456
注:因为开始时root没有密码,所以-p旧密码一项就可以省略了。
3)测试是否修改成功
不用密码登录
[root@test1 local]# mysql
ERROR 1045: Access denied for user: ‘root@localhost’ (Using password: NO)
显示错误,说明密码已经修改。
用修改后的密码登录
[root@test1 local]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: (输入修改后的密码123456)
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4 to server version: 4.0.16-standard
Type ‘help;’ or ‘/h’ for help. Type ‘/c’ to clear the buffer.
mysql>
成功!
这是通过mysqladmin命令修改口令,也可通过修改库来更改口令。
5.增加MySQL用户
grant all on *.* to 'xhx'@'%' Identified by '123456';
以上grant权限之后的用户就可以通过网上的任何一台电脑上登录你的MySQL数据库并对你的数据为所欲为了。
bitsCN.com
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