Getting Started with Linux Mounting: Concepts, Methods, and Commands
Linux系统中，磁盘分区和文件系统是两个重要的概念，它们决定了数据的存储方式和访问方式。但是，要让系统能够识别和使用磁盘分区中的文件系统，还需要一个关键的步骤，那就是挂载。挂载是指将磁盘分区或其他设备与系统中的一个目录关联起来，从而可以通过该目录来访问磁盘分区中的文件和数据。本文将介绍Linux中挂载的基本概念，方法和命令，帮助你更好地管理你的磁盘和文件系统。
需求：需要把系统盘搞到/home 下面。
思考：/home 下面是用户默认的家目录，如果用户家目录有数据是会被覆盖的。找朋友确认是刚安装的系统才开始搞的。更改分区大小首先想到的是lvm，但是看了客户的磁盘信息发现不需要考虑这些，怎么简单怎么来。
查看硬盘信息
[root@localhost /]# fdisk -l 查看硬盘信息 Disk /dev/sda: 240.1 GB, 240057409536 bytes, 468862128 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x00085ef7 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1026048 17803263 8388608 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 17803264 468860927 225528832 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 240.1 GB, 240057409536 bytes, 468862128 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/sdc: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x0007a974 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 2048 976773119 488385536 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdd: 240.1 GB, 240057409536 bytes, 468862128 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000a4688 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sdd2 1026048 468860927 233917440 8e Linux LVM
“
数据的操作是需要非常严谨的，看到了这么多的硬盘，有看到了lvm分区。对于新装的系统我第一感觉是：难道要我修复lvm分区吗？经过和朋友确认发现我想多了，只是挂载，磁盘已经拔掉了。
”
找到对应硬盘分区格式化
磁盘分区
[root@localhost /]# fdisk /dev/sdb \\针对第二块盘分区
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x6511fa23.
Command (m for help): p \\查看已有分区
Disk /dev/sdb: 240.1 GB, 240057409536 bytes, 468862128 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x6511fa23
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n \\创建分区
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p \\主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-468862127, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-468862127, default 468862127):
Using default value 468862127
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 223.6 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p \\查看确认分区
Disk /dev/sdb: 240.1 GB, 240057409536 bytes, 468862128 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x6511fa23
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 468862127 234430040 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w \\保存改分区
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
分区格式化
[root@localhost /]# mkfs \\tab 万能操作 mkfs mkfs.btrfs mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext3 mkfs.ext4 mkfs.minix mkfs.xfs [root@localhost /]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 格式化sdb1 meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=14651878 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=58607510, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=28616, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
查看检查分区
[root@localhost /]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 223.6G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot ├─sda2 8:2 0 8G 0 part [SWAP] └─sda3 8:3 0 215.1G 0 part / sdb 8:16 0 223.6G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 223.6G 0 part
挂载分区到”/home”
挂载分区，找到uuid，写入fstab
[root@localhost /]# blkid /dev/sdb1 查看sdb1 的uuid 写入fstab uuid 最稳定 /dev/sdb1 也可以 /dev/sdb1: UUID="ffbd4feb-c55e-40ca-86d3-c43919bd9060" TYPE="xfs" [root@localhost /]# echo "/dev/sdb1: UUID="ffbd4feb-c55e-40ca-86d3-c43919bd9060" TYPE="xfs" " >> /etc/fstab [root@localhost /]# vim /etc/fstab -bash: vim: command not found [root@localhost /]# vi /etc/fstab 写入fstab [root@localhost /]# tail -n 2 /etc/fstab ffbd4feb-c55e-40ca-86d3-c43919bd9060 /home xfs defaults 0 0 #/dev/sdb1 /home xfs defaults 0 0 \\uuid 和 /dev/sdb1 区别？？ [root@localhost /]# mount -a 重新读取配置文件
检查挂载成果，挂载成功！！
[root@localhost /]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 xfs 215G 852M 215G 1% / devtmpfs devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 7.8G 8.4M 7.8G 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 xfs 497M 119M 378M 24% /boot tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0 /dev/sdb1 xfs 224G 33M 224G 1% /home [root@localhost /]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 223.6G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot ├─sda2 8:2 0 8G 0 part [SWAP] └─sda3 8:3 0 215.1G 0 part / sdb 8:16 0 223.6G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 223.6G 0 part /home
ok，收工！！
PS：菜鸟级教程，新手复习，老鸟勿喷！如果这些你都看不懂的话，真的要恶补了！！！
通过本文，你应该对Linux中的挂载有了一个基本的了解，包括挂载的作用，类型，参数和命令。你也应该掌握了如何查看，添加，删除和修改挂载点的方法，以及如何处理挂载出错的情况。挂载是Linux系统中一个重要而常用的操作，它可以让你灵活地使用不同的磁盘分区和文件系统，提高数据的安全性和效率。希望本文能够对你有所帮助，如果你有任何问题或建议，请在评论区留言。
The above is the detailed content of Getting Started with Linux Mounting: Concepts, Methods, and Commands. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
What are the main tasks of a Linux system administrator?Apr 19, 2025 am 12:23 AMThe main tasks of Linux system administrators include system monitoring and performance tuning, user management, software package management, security management and backup, troubleshooting and resolution, performance optimization and best practices. 1. Use top, htop and other tools to monitor system performance and tune it. 2. Manage user accounts and permissions through useradd commands and other commands. 3. Use apt and yum to manage software packages to ensure system updates and security. 4. Configure a firewall, monitor logs, and perform data backup to ensure system security. 5. Troubleshoot and resolve through log analysis and tool use. 6. Optimize kernel parameters and application configuration, and follow best practices to improve system performance and stability.
Is it hard to learn Linux?Apr 18, 2025 am 12:23 AMLearning Linux is not difficult. 1.Linux is an open source operating system based on Unix and is widely used in servers, embedded systems and personal computers. 2. Understanding file system and permission management is the key. The file system is hierarchical, and permissions include reading, writing and execution. 3. Package management systems such as apt and dnf make software management convenient. 4. Process management is implemented through ps and top commands. 5. Start learning from basic commands such as mkdir, cd, touch and nano, and then try advanced usage such as shell scripts and text processing. 6. Common errors such as permission problems can be solved through sudo and chmod. 7. Performance optimization suggestions include using htop to monitor resources, cleaning unnecessary files, and using sy
What is the salary of Linux administrator?Apr 17, 2025 am 12:24 AMThe average annual salary of Linux administrators is $75,000 to $95,000 in the United States and €40,000 to €60,000 in Europe. To increase salary, you can: 1. Continuously learn new technologies, such as cloud computing and container technology; 2. Accumulate project experience and establish Portfolio; 3. Establish a professional network and expand your network.
What is the main purpose of Linux?Apr 16, 2025 am 12:19 AMThe main uses of Linux include: 1. Server operating system, 2. Embedded system, 3. Desktop operating system, 4. Development and testing environment. Linux excels in these areas, providing stability, security and efficient development tools.
Does the internet run on Linux?Apr 14, 2025 am 12:03 AMThe Internet does not rely on a single operating system, but Linux plays an important role in it. Linux is widely used in servers and network devices and is popular for its stability, security and scalability.
What are Linux operations?Apr 13, 2025 am 12:20 AMThe core of the Linux operating system is its command line interface, which can perform various operations through the command line. 1. File and directory operations use ls, cd, mkdir, rm and other commands to manage files and directories. 2. User and permission management ensures system security and resource allocation through useradd, passwd, chmod and other commands. 3. Process management uses ps, kill and other commands to monitor and control system processes. 4. Network operations include ping, ifconfig, ssh and other commands to configure and manage network connections. 5. System monitoring and maintenance use commands such as top, df, du to understand the system's operating status and resource usage.
Boost Productivity with Custom Command Shortcuts Using Linux AliasesApr 12, 2025 am 11:43 AMIntroduction Linux is a powerful operating system favored by developers, system administrators, and power users due to its flexibility and efficiency. However, frequently using long and complex commands can be tedious and er
What is Linux actually good for?Apr 12, 2025 am 12:20 AMLinux is suitable for servers, development environments, and embedded systems. 1. As a server operating system, Linux is stable and efficient, and is often used to deploy high-concurrency applications. 2. As a development environment, Linux provides efficient command line tools and package management systems to improve development efficiency. 3. In embedded systems, Linux is lightweight and customizable, suitable for environments with limited resources.
Hot AI Tools
Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos
AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.
Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free
Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover
AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.
Hot Article
Hot Tools
SecLists
SecLists is the ultimate security tester's companion. It is a collection of various types of lists that are frequently used during security assessments, all in one place. SecLists helps make security testing more efficient and productive by conveniently providing all the lists a security tester might need. List types include usernames, passwords, URLs, fuzzing payloads, sensitive data patterns, web shells, and more. The tester can simply pull this repository onto a new test machine and he will have access to every type of list he needs.
EditPlus Chinese cracked version
Small size, syntax highlighting, does not support code prompt function
Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment
SublimeText3 English version
Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!
PhpStorm Mac version
The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool
