Need help getting element from mongodb document and updating its value using go mongo driver

php editor Strawberry is here to introduce you to a common need: how to get elements from a MongoDB document and update its value using the Go Mongo driver. MongoDB is a popular NoSQL database and Go is a powerful programming language, and the combination of the two can bring many benefits. In this article, we will explore how to use the Go Mongo driver to achieve this requirement and help you better understand and apply this technology.

Question content

Hey, I am using go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver package to use golang. This is my code:

package src

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson"
    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo"
    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo/options"
)

var (
    client      *mongo.client
    stickerscol *mongo.collection
)

func init() {
    log.println("setting up database...")
    var err error
    client, err = mongo.connect(context.background(), options.client().applyuri(envars.dburl))
    if err != nil {
        log.fatal(err)
    }
    log.println("connected to database")
    stickerscol = client.database("stickersbot").collection("stickers")
    chatcol = client.database("stickersbot").collection("chat")
}

func changedefaultpack(userid int64, stickername string, format string) error {
    fmt.println(userid, stickername, format)
    filter := bson.m{
        "_id":                      userid,
        "stickers.stickername":     stickername,
        "stickers.stickerpacktype": format,
    }
    updateother := bson.m{
        "$set": bson.m{
            "stickers.$[elem].isdefault": false,
        },
    }
    update := bson.m{
        "$set": bson.m{
            "stickers.$.isdefault": true,
        },
    }
    arrayfilters := options.arrayfilters{
        filters: []interface{}{bson.m{"elem.stickerpacktype": format}},
    }
    updateoptions := options.update().setarrayfilters(arrayfilters)
    _, err := stickerscol.updatemany(context.todo(), filter, updateother, updateoptions)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    ok, err := stickerscol.updateone(context.background(), filter, update, options.update().setupsert(true))
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    if ok.modifiedcount == 0 {
        fmt.println("no document matched")
        return fmt.errorf("no document matched")
    }
    return err
}

This is the database structure:

...
{
  "_id": 1633375527,
  "stickers": [
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "gVtOy_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": true
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "animated",
      "stickername": "zIjsa_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": true
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "video",
      "stickername": "bJBle_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": true
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "iujiw_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "video",
      "stickername": "CHnqb_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "XKJUP_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "animated",
      "stickername": "pCFlC_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "animated",
      "stickername": "jGGgt_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "animated",
      "stickername": "cTxyA_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "animated",
      "stickername": "ZfYXO_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "xJUkA_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "HIvsY_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "WIHFQ_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "OqjtE_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "QNysO_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "OrTsT_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "FzROg_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "QUBcT_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "NsZfM_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "AkxVM_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "Ddvus_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "LXfHV_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "sTaMv_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    },
    {
      "stickerpacktype": "static",
      "stickername": "vppgK_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
      "isdefault": false
    }
  ],
  "stickerpackcount": 2
}
...

What I need my code to do is find the list of sticker packs that match the given id and sticker type and set their default value to false and set the default value of the pack passed to func to true.

Basically just set one of them to default and the others to non-default. Can someone explain why this function returns document not found?

Workaround

When multiple fields match, you should use the $elemmatch operator. Otherwise, the $ operator has no effect. See Updating Embedded Documents Using Multiple Field Matches.

And you don't need updatemany to update multiple array elements in a single document. Please use updateone instead.

This is a demo based on your code and data:

package main

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson"
    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo"
    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo/options"
)

var (
    client      *mongo.client
    stickerscol *mongo.collection
)

func init() {
    log.println("setting up database...")
    var err error
    client, err = mongo.connect(context.background(), options.client().applyuri("mongodb://localhost"))
    if err != nil {
        log.fatal(err)
    }
    log.println("connected to database")
    stickerscol = client.database("stickersbot").collection("stickers")
}

func changedefaultpack(userid int64, stickername string, format string) error {
    fmt.println(userid, stickername, format)
    filter := bson.m{
        "_id": userid,
        "stickers": bson.m{
            "$elemmatch": bson.m{
                "stickername":     stickername,
                "stickerpacktype": format,
            },
        },
    }
    updateother := bson.m{
        "$set": bson.m{
            "stickers.$[elem].isdefault": false,
        },
    }
    arrayfilters := options.arrayfilters{
        filters: []interface{}{bson.m{"elem.stickerpacktype": format}},
    }
    updateoptions := options.update().setarrayfilters(arrayfilters)
    result, err := stickerscol.updateone(context.background(), filter, updateother, updateoptions)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    log.printf("update other: %+v\n", result)

    update := bson.m{
        "$set": bson.m{
            "stickers.$.isdefault": true,
        },
    }
    ok, err := stickerscol.updateone(context.background(), filter, update, options.update().setupsert(true))
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    log.printf("update default: %+v\n", ok)
    if ok.modifiedcount == 0 {
        fmt.println("no document matched")
        return fmt.errorf("no document matched")
    }
    return err
}

func main() {
    if err := changedefaultpack(1633375527, "ddvus_1633375527_by_chadmanbot", "static"); err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
}

Run the demo and you will observe the following changes to the document:

--- before.json 2023-06-27 00:34:32.721978745 +0800
 after.json  2023-06-27 00:34:59.489836137 +0800
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
     {
       "stickerpacktype": "static",
       "stickername": "gVtOy_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
-      "isdefault": true
+      "isdefault": false
     },
     {
       "stickerpacktype": "animated",
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
     {
       "stickerpacktype": "static",
       "stickername": "Ddvus_1633375527_by_ChadManBot",
-      "isdefault": false
+      "isdefault": true
     },
     {
       "stickerpacktype": "static",

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