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HomeBackend DevelopmentGolangStrange error occurs when calling GoLang structure method

GoLang 结构体方法调用出现奇怪错误

php editor Youzi may encounter some strange errors when using the GoLang programming language. One of them is a problem with structure method calls. Structure is a common data type in GoLang, which can contain fields and methods. However, sometimes we encounter some unexpected errors when calling structure methods. This article will analyze the causes of such problems and provide solutions to help you better understand and use GoLang's structures.

Question content

I am trying to learn GoLang now, but I encountered a problem with one of the tasks. The problem is that I need to define the method Ammo for a struct that has Power and Shoot fields. However, it shoots at me instead of the imaginary enemy and gives the following error: compiler.go:64:20: testStruct.Shoot is undefined (type *Hero has no field or method Shoot) I checked the documentation and some tutorials and it seems like I'm declaring the method fine. But I get this error. This is my code:

В рамках этого урока мы постарались представить себе уже привычные нам переменные и функции, как объекты из реальной жизни. Чтобы закрепить результат мы предлагаем вам небольшую творческую задачу.

Вам необходимо реализовать структуру со свойствами-полями On, Ammo и Power, с типами bool, int, int соответственно. У этой структуры должны быть методы: Shoot и RideBike, которые не принимают аргументов, но возвращают значение bool.

Если значение On == false, то оба метода вернут false.

Делать Shoot можно только при наличии Ammo (тогда Ammo уменьшается на единицу, а метод возвращает true), если его нет, то метод вернет false. Метод RideBike работает также, но только зависит от свойства Power.

Чтобы проверить, что вы все сделали правильно, вы должны создать указатель на экземпляр этой структуры с именем testStruct в функции main, в дальнейшем программа проверит результат.

Закрывающая фигурная скобка в конце main() вам не видна, но она есть.

Пакет main объявлять не нужно!

Удачи!

#code tpl:
func main() {

    // testStruct :=
    /*
     * Экземпляр созданной вами структуры необходимо передать в качестве
     * аргумента функции testStruct, которая выполнит проверку соблюдения
     * всех условий задания/

// }
*/


package main
import (
"fmt"
)

type Hero struct {
    On bool
    Ammo, Power int
}
func Shoot(h Hero) bool {
    if !h.On { return false }
    if h.Ammo>0 {
        h.Ammo--
        return true
    } else {
        return false
    }
}
func RideBike(h Hero) bool {
    if !h.On { return false }
    if h.Power>0 {
        h.Power--
        return true
    } else {
        return false
    }
}
func main() {
    testStruct := new(Hero)
    testStruct.On = true
    testStruct.Ammo = 10
    testStruct.Power = 100
    fmt.Println (testStruct)
    res := testStruct.Shoot()
    fmt.Println (testStruct)
}```
Could you please tell me what I am doing wrong? Thank you! Sorry for my English -it's bot my bative language. Thank you again!

Solution

You are confused about function parameters and receivers. Try this, note where Hero is in the function:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

type Hero struct {
    On          bool
    Ammo, Power int
}

func (h *Hero) Shoot() bool {
    if !h.On {
        return false
    }
    if h.Ammo > 0 {
        h.Ammo--
        return true
    } else {
        return false
    }
}
func (h *Hero) RideBike() bool {
    if !h.On {
        return false
    }
    if h.Power > 0 {
        h.Power--
        return true
    } else {
        return false
    }
}
func main() {
    testStruct := new(Hero)
    testStruct.On = true
    testStruct.Ammo = 10
    testStruct.Power = 100
    fmt.Println(testStruct)
    res := testStruct.Shoot()
    fmt.Println(res)
    print(testStruct.Ammo)
}

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