Additional "id" field generated when publishing to MongoDB

Question content

I am learning the go and gin framework. I built a simple microservice that connects to a mongodb collection and everything works fine, but when I add a document using post it adds the "id" field instead of generating the key "_id" field, is there a way to avoid this?

This is my function:

func (r *rest) createpost(c *gin.context) {
var postcollection = database.getcollection(r.db, "godb")
ctx, cancel := context.withtimeout(context.background(), 10*time.second)
post := new(model.post)
defer cancel()

if err := c.shouldbindjson(&post); err != nil {
    c.json(http.statusbadrequest, gin.h{"message": err})
    log.fatal(err)
    return
}

// validation
if err := post.validate(); err == nil {
    c.json(http.statusok, gin.h{"input": "valid"})
} else {
    c.json(http.statusbadrequest, gin.h{"input validation": err.error()})
    return
}

postpayload := model.post{
    id:      primitive.newobjectid(),
    title:   post.title,
    article: post.article,
}

result, err := postcollection.insertone(ctx, postpayload)

if err != nil {
    c.json(http.statusinternalservererror, gin.h{"message": err})
    return
}

c.json(http.statusok, gin.h{"message": "posted succesfully", "data": 
map[string]interface{}{"data": result}})
}

This is my model:

type Post struct {
ID      primitive.ObjectID
Title   string `validate:"required,gte=2,lte=20"`
Article string `validate:"required,gte=4,lte=40"`
}

Correct answer

By default, the key for id is id. You should use the bson tag to generate the key _id.

type post struct {
    id      primitive.objectid `bson:"_id"`
    title   string             `validate:"required,gte=2,lte=20"`
    article string             `validate:"required,gte=4,lte=40"`
}

This is Documentation:

When marshaling a structure, each field will be lowercase to generate the key for the corresponding bson element. For example, a structure field named "foo" will generate the key "foo". This can be overridden via structure tags (e.g. bson:"foofield" to generate the key "foofield").

When the document does not contain an element named _id, the driver will automatically add an element (see Source code):

// ensureid inserts the given objectid as an element named "_id" at the
// beginning of the given bson document if there is not an "_id" already. if
// there is already an element named "_id", the document is not modified. it
// returns the resulting document and the decoded go value of the "_id" element.
func ensureid(
    doc bsoncore.document,
    oid primitive.objectid,
    bsonopts *options.bsonoptions,
    reg *bsoncodec.registry,
) (bsoncore.document, interface{}, error) {

This is a demo:

package main

import (
    "context"

    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/bson/primitive"
    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo"
    "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo/options"
)

type post struct {
    id      primitive.objectid `bson:"_id"`
    title   string             `validate:"required,gte=2,lte=20"`
    article string             `validate:"required,gte=4,lte=40"`
}

func main() {
    client, err := mongo.connect(context.background(), options.client().applyuri("mongodb://localhost"))
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    postcollection := client.database("demo").collection("posts")
    post := post{
        id:      primitive.newobjectid(),
        title:   "test title",
        article: "test content",
    }
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    if _, err = postcollection.insertone(context.background(), post); err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
}

And the document created in the database:

demo> db.posts.find()
[
  {
    _id: ObjectId("64a53bcbb7be31ae42e6c00c"),
    title: 'test title',
    article: 'test content'
  }
]

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