PyCharm's packaging function: a powerful tool to improve project packaging efficiency

A powerful tool for packaging projects: Analysis and practice of PyCharm’s packaging function

In Python development, packaging is a very important part. When we need to share our Python project with others, packaging can package our code and related dependencies into an independent executable file for the convenience of others. As a powerful Python development tool, PyCharm provides rich packaging functions. In this article, we will explore the packaging function of PyCharm and show how to use PyCharm for project packaging with examples.

PyCharm's packaging function mainly has two methods: generating an executable file through PyCharm's "Make Project" function, and packaging the entire project through PyCharm's "Deployment" function.

First, let's take a look at the process of generating an executable file through the "Make Project" function. Open PyCharm, open the project we want to package, then enter the "File" menu and select "Settings". In the pop-up "Settings" window, select "Project: xxx" and then select "Project Interpreter".

In "Project Interpreter", we can see a toolbox icon, click on this icon and select "Show All". Then in the pop-up window, select the project we want to package, click "Show paths for the selected interpreter" below to expand the path of the project.

Next, in the "Settings" window, click the "Build, Execution, Deployment" option on the left, select "Build Tools", and then click "Python Packaging" on the right. In this window, we can see a "Project setup" option and select "Create setup.py". Click "OK" to save the settings.

After completing the above steps, we need to write a setup.py file to specify the packaging information of the project. Open PyCharm's Terminal and enter the following command in the terminal:

cd <项目路径>
touch setup.py

Then, we edit the setup.py file and fill it in according to the following sample code:

from setuptools import setup

setup(
    name='project_name',
    version='1.0',
    packages=['package_name'],
    url='',
    license='',
    author='author_name',
    author_email='author_email',
    description='project_description',
    install_requires=[
        'package1',
        'package2'
    ],
    entry_points={
        'console_scripts': [
            'project_name=package_name.__main__:main'
        ]
    }
)

In the sample code, we need to replace some information. The name field represents the name of the project, the version field represents the version number of the project, the packages field represents the list of packages contained in the project, and the url, license, author, author_email and description fields represent the URL, license, author and author email of the project respectively. and project description. The install_requires field represents the packages that the project depends on, and the entry_points field represents the entry point of the project, which is the function we call when we run the project in the console.

After completing the editing of setup.py, we can open Terminal and use the following command to package the project:

python setup.py bdist_wheel

After executing the command, PyCharm will generate a dist folder in the project root directory. It contains the project's packaging files. We can share this folder with others, and others can install the projects in this folder through pip.

In addition to generating executable files through "Make Project", you can also package the entire project through PyCharm's "Deployment" function. The "Deployment" function can package the entire project into a compressed file for easy backup and transfer.

First, we need to configure the target path to store the project in PyCharm. Enter the "File" menu, select "Settings", then click the "Build, Execution, Deployment" option on the left, select "Deployment", and then click the " " button on the right to add a new deployment server.

In the "Connection" tab, we need to fill in the server's connection information, such as host name, port number, user name and password. In the "Mappings" tab, we can configure the mapping relationship between the project's local path and the server path.

After the configuration is completed, we can right-click the project root directory, select "Deployment", and then select "Upload to xxx" to upload the entire project to the server. If you need to package the entire project and export it as a compressed file, just select "Export to xxx".

Through PyCharm's packaging function, we can easily package our Python projects into executable files or compressed files to facilitate sharing and backup of our projects. I hope this article can help everyone understand and use PyCharm's packaging function.

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