Key knowledge and practical guide for network programming in Go language

To master the key points and practical experience of Go language network programming, specific code examples are needed

1. The key points of Go language network programming

1. Introduction to Network Programming

Network programming refers to the programming technology that uses computer networks to communicate. In the Go language, we can use the net package in the standard library for network programming, including creating and managing TCP and UDP connections, and realizing interaction between the server and the client.

2. Use of sockets

In the Go language, sockets are represented and operated using the interface in the net package. You can create a socket at the specified address by calling the Listen function, and use the Accept method to receive connection requests from the client. After receiving the connection, data can be read and written through the Read and Write methods.

3. Building a TCP server

The following is a simple TCP server code example to build a server that listens on the local port 8080:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net"
)

func handleConn(conn net.Conn) {
    defer conn.Close()
    // 处理连接
    // ...
}

func main() {
    listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", "localhost:8080")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Error listening:", err.Error())
        return
    }
    defer listener.Close()

    fmt.Println("Server is listening on localhost:8080")

    for {
        conn, err := listener.Accept()
        if err != nil {
            fmt.Println("Error accepting:", err.Error())
            return
        }
        go handleConn(conn)
    }
}

4. TCP client writing

The following is a simple TCP client code example, connect to the local 8080 port and send data:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net"
)

func main() {
    conn, err := net.Dial("tcp", "localhost:8080")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Error dialing:", err.Error())
        return
    }
    defer conn.Close()

    // 发送数据
    // ...

    // 接收数据
    // ...
}

5. UDP server and client

In addition to TCP, Go language also supports UDP protocol. UDP is a connectionless transmission protocol that has lower overhead and higher transmission speed than TCP.

The following is a simple UDP server code example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net"
)

func main() {
    conn, err := net.ListenPacket("udp", ":8080")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Error listening:", err.Error())
        return
    }
    defer conn.Close()

    buffer := make([]byte, 1024)

    for {
        n, addr, err := conn.ReadFrom(buffer)
        if err != nil {
            fmt.Println("Error reading:", err.Error())
            return
        }

        fmt.Printf("Received '%s' from %s
", string(buffer[:n]), addr.String())
    }
}

The following is a simple UDP client code example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net"
)

func main() {
    serverAddr, err := net.ResolveUDPAddr("udp", "localhost:8080")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Error resolving address:", err.Error())
        return
    }

    conn, err := net.DialUDP("udp", nil, serverAddr)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Error dialing:", err.Error())
        return
    }
    defer conn.Close()

    // 发送数据
    // ...

    // 接收数据
    // ...
}

2. Practical experience in Go language network programming

1. Use concurrent processing connections

When implementing a server program, you usually need to handle multiple concurrent connections. The concurrency model of Go language is very suitable for network programming. By using goroutines and channels, we can easily implement high-concurrency server programs.

2. Handling exceptions and errors

Network programming may encounter various abnormal situations and errors, such as connection interruption, read and write timeouts, etc. Therefore, we need to handle these exceptions and errors reasonably in the code to ensure the stability and reliability of the program.

3. Use common network protocols and libraries

In addition to TCP and UDP protocols, there are other common network protocols and libraries that can be used, such as HTTP protocol and WebSocket protocol , TLS/SSL, etc. By becoming familiar with the use of these protocols and libraries, we can more easily implement various network applications.

Summary:

By mastering the key points and practical experience of Go language network programming, we can easily implement various network applications, including server and client programs. At the same time, by handling exceptions and errors reasonably, we can ensure the stability and reliability of the program. Network programming is a very challenging field that requires continuous learning and practice to master. I hope the above content can be helpful to you, come on!

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