A preliminary exploration of serialization and deserialization methods in Golang

A preliminary study on Golang serialization and deserialization methods

Serialization and deserialization are commonly used concepts in computer science, which refer to the process of converting data structures or objects into Convert to a format that can be transmitted or stored over a network so that the original data structure or object can be retrieved when needed. In Golang, a wealth of methods and libraries are provided to make the implementation of serialization and deserialization simple and efficient.

1. JSON serialization and deserialization

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a data exchange format that stores data in text form and is usually used for transmission between web applications. data. In Golang, the standard library encoding/json provides simple and easy-to-use methods for JSON serialization and deserialization.

The following is an example of serializing a structure into a string in JSON format and outputting it:

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string `json:"name"`
    Age  int    `json:"age"`
}

func main() {
    person := Person{
        Name: "John",
        Age:  30,
    }

    jsonData, err := json.Marshal(person)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("序列化失败:", err)
        return
    }

    fmt.Println(string(jsonData))
}

In the above code, a Person structure is defined, containing name and age fields. Serialize the Person structure into a string in JSON format through the json.Marshal method, and convert it into a readable form for output through string.

Next, we can also deserialize the JSON string into a structure. The following example deserializes the JSON string of the previously serialized Person structure into a structure object and outputs it:

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string `json:"name"`
    Age  int    `json:"age"`
}

func main() {
    jsonData := `{"name":"John","age":30}`

    var person Person
    err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonData), &person)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("反序列化失败:", err)
        return
    }

    fmt.Printf("%+v
", person)
}

Deserializes the JSON string through the json.Unmarshal method is a structure object. Use fmt.Printf to output detailed information of the structure object.

2. Gob serialization and deserialization

Gob is a binary encoding format in Golang, mainly used to transmit data between different Go programs. Compared with JSON, Gob is more efficient and provides more data type support. In Golang, you can use the standard library encoding/gob to serialize and deserialize Gob.

The following is an example of serializing a structure into binary data in Gob format and outputting it:

package main

import (
    "encoding/gob"
    "fmt"
    "os"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func main() {
    person := Person{
        Name: "John",
        Age:  30,
    }

    file, err := os.Create("person.gob")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("创建文件失败:", err)
        return
    }
    defer file.Close()

    encoder := gob.NewEncoder(file)
    err = encoder.Encode(person)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("序列化失败:", err)
        return
    }

    fmt.Println("序列化完成")
}

In the above code, first open a file named person.gobThe file is used to save the serialized Gob data. Then use gob.NewEncoder to create an encoder, and use the Encode method to serialize the Person structure object into binary data in Gob format.

Next, we can deserialize the Gob data into a structure object. Here is an example:

package main

import (
    "encoding/gob"
    "fmt"
    "os"
)

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func main() {
    file, err := os.Open("person.gob")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("打开文件失败:", err)
        return
    }
    defer file.Close()

    var person Person

    decoder := gob.NewDecoder(file)
    err = decoder.Decode(&person)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("反序列化失败:", err)
        return
    }

    fmt.Printf("%+v
", person)
}

In the above code, first open the previously saved person.gob file. Then use gob.NewDecoder to create a decoder, and use the Decode method to deserialize the Gob data into a structure object.

Summary

This article introduces the serialization and deserialization methods in Golang and provides specific code examples. Among them, JSON serialization and deserialization use the encoding/json standard library, while Gob serialization and deserialization use the encoding/gob standard library. Whether it is JSON or Gob, Golang provides simple and easy-to-use methods to achieve serialization and deserialization. Developers can choose the appropriate method to convert and transmit data according to actual needs.

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