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正则表达式

我们知道,在SQL之中,可以用 like 这个谓词(表达式) 来进行模糊检索,并支持 %,?,_等占位符.
但是,这个模糊检索的功能有很多限制,简单来说就是太模糊了。
在MySQL中提供了 REGEXP 关键字来支持正则表达式,当然,只是一些很简单的正则啦。
首先,我们构造一些测试数据。
-- 建表USE test;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t_regcustomer;CREATE TABLE t_regcustomer (	id INT(10) AUTO_INCREMENT	,name VARCHAR(256)	,age INT(10)	, PRIMARY KEY(id)) COLLATE='utf8_general_ci' ENGINE=InnoDB;
增加一些测试数据:
-- 插入一些测试数据:TRUNCATE TABLE t_regcustomer;INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('王明',20);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('王大',21);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('小王',22);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('小王2',22);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('敲不死',23);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('憨憨',24);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('憨憨2',24);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('郭靖名',25);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('郭靖2',25);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('郭靖3',25);INSERT INTO t_regcustomer(name, age) VALUES ('郭得缸',25),('大鹏',20),('大鹏2',20),('大鹏3',20),('二鹏',19),('鹏鹏',18),('鹏鹏1',18),('小鹏',17),('AAA',17),('aaa',17),('SS',17),('s2',17),('ss',17);

1. 最简单的查询:
SELECT *FROM t_regcustomer;
2. 指定列名查询
SELECT c.id, c.name, c.ageFROM t_regcustomer c;
3. 对查询结果排序
SELECT c.id, c.name, c.ageFROM t_regcustomer cORDER BY c.age ASC;
4. like 模糊检索
%匹配任意数量(0~n)的任意字符
SELECT c.id, c.name, c.ageFROM t_regcustomer cWHERE c.name LIKE '%鹏%'ORDER BY c.age ASC;
5. regexp 关键字
.匹配任意一个字符
注意此处因为没有起始(^)和结束($)限定符,所以只要列中出现的行都会被检索出来.
SELECT c.id, c.name, c.ageFROM t_regcustomer cWHERE c.name REGEXP '.鹏.'ORDER BY c.age ASC;
6. 正则起始限定符
SELECT c.id, c.name, c.ageFROM t_regcustomer cWHERE c.name REGEXP '^王'ORDER BY c.age ASC;
7. 大小写敏感
SELECT c.id, c.name, c.ageFROM t_regcustomer cWHERE c.name REGEXP BINARY '^s'ORDER BY c.age ASC;
8. 正则或运算
SELECT c.id, c.name, c.ageFROM t_regcustomer cWHERE c.name REGEXP BINARY 'a|s'ORDER BY c.name ASC;
9. 组运算正则
[123] 表示 1、2、3这3个数字之一出现即可
SELECT c.id, c.name, c.ageFROM t_regcustomer cWHERE c.name REGEXP BINARY '鹏[123]'ORDER BY c.name ASC;
[1-9] 匹配 1、2、3、.... 8、9
SELECT c.id, c.name, c.ageFROM t_regcustomer cWHERE c.name REGEXP BINARY '鹏[1-9]'ORDER BY c.name ASC;
10. 转义
使用 //
可以转义 /.[]()?-| 以及分页,换行符号等

11.更多内容

请查阅 《MySQL必知必会》 68页 正则表达式


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