1.在PHP执行SQL语句
要从数据库获得数据,首先PHP要执行一条对表操作的SQL语句,包括SELECT、INSERT、UPDATE或DELETE语句。一般情况下,在PHP中执行SELECT语句,会从表中查找出一些记录行。而执行其他语句,只会返回语句是否执行成功的信息。
<?php $host='localhost';$user_name='root';$password='helloworld';$conn=mysql_connect($host,$user_name,$password);//连接MySQLif(!$conn){ die('FAIL!'.mysql_error());}mysql_select_db('test');//选择数据库$sql='select UserId,UserName,Gender from users';$result=mysql_query($sql);//获取查询结果if($result){ echo 'SQLsyntex:'.$sql.'<br/>Success'; $num=mysql_num_rows($result);//获取查询结果的行数 echo '<br> select <b>'.$num.' </b>rows';}mysql_close($conn);?>通常,mysql_query()也会和mysql_error()一同使用,以便当SQL语句执行出现问题时,可以根据mysql_error()产生的信息查找问题原因。
<?php $host='localhost';$user_name='root';$password='helloworld';$conn=mysql_connect($host,$user_name,$password);if(!$conn){ die('FAIL!'.mysql_error());}mysql_select_db('test');$sql='select UserId,UserName,Gender,cc from users';$result=mysql_query($sql) OR die("<br/>ERROR:<b>".mysql_error()."</b><br><br><br>Problem:<br>.$sql");if($result){ echo 'SQLsyntex:'.$sql.'<br>Success'; $num=mysql_num_rows($result); echo '<br> select <b>'.$num.' </b>rows';}mysql_close($conn);?>2.用PHP处理数据结果集
当一个SQL语句在程序中成功执行之后,可以使用mysql_fetch_array()来获取具体的查询结果,即使用该函数获取记录的字段值。
<?php $host='localhost';$user_name='root';$password='helloworld';$conn=mysql_connect($host,$user_name,$password);if(!$conn){ die('FAIL!'.mysql_error());}mysql_select_db('test');$sql='select id,name,sex,age from users';$result=mysql_query($sql) OR die("<br/>ERROR:<b>".mysql_error()."</b><br><br><br>Problem:<br>.$sql");if($num=mysql_num_rows($result)){ $row=mysql_fetch_array($result); echo '<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">'; print_r($row);}mysql_close($conn);?>函数mysql_fetch_array(),讲述到该函数返回的是结果集中的一行,并将其作为关联数组或普通数组,默认该返回数组是二者兼有的。mysql_fetch_array()返回的数组为每个字段值建立了两个索引:一个是以数字为索引,另一个以字段名为索引。
<?php $host='localhost';$user_name='root';$password='helloworld';$conn=mysql_connect($host,$user_name,$password);if(!$conn){ die('FAIL!'.mysql_error());}mysql_select_db('test');$sql='select id,name,sex,age from users';$result=mysql_query($sql) OR die("<br/>ERROR:<b>".mysql_error()."</b><br><br><br>Problem:<br>.$sql");if($num=mysql_num_rows($result)){ $row=mysql_fetch_array($result); echo '<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">'; while($row=mysql_fetch_array($result,MYSQL_ASSOC)) {print_r($row); }}mysql_close($conn);?>使用while循环多次调用函数mysql_fetch_array(),每次将调用返回的数组赋给变量$row,然后在循环体内将数组变量$row输出。调用函数mysql_fetch_array()时,指定第二个参数为MYSQL_ASSOC,因此其返回的结果集数组是以字段名为索引的关联数组。

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system suitable for data storage, management, query and security. 1. It supports a variety of operating systems and is widely used in Web applications and other fields. 2. Through the client-server architecture and different storage engines, MySQL processes data efficiently. 3. Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, inserting, querying and updating data. 4. Advanced usage involves complex queries and stored procedures. 5. Common errors can be debugged through the EXPLAIN statement. 6. Performance optimization includes the rational use of indexes and optimized query statements.

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

InnoDB's lock mechanisms include shared locks, exclusive locks, intention locks, record locks, gap locks and next key locks. 1. Shared lock allows transactions to read data without preventing other transactions from reading. 2. Exclusive lock prevents other transactions from reading and modifying data. 3. Intention lock optimizes lock efficiency. 4. Record lock lock index record. 5. Gap lock locks index recording gap. 6. The next key lock is a combination of record lock and gap lock to ensure data consistency.

The main reasons for poor MySQL query performance include not using indexes, wrong execution plan selection by the query optimizer, unreasonable table design, excessive data volume and lock competition. 1. No index causes slow querying, and adding indexes can significantly improve performance. 2. Use the EXPLAIN command to analyze the query plan and find out the optimizer error. 3. Reconstructing the table structure and optimizing JOIN conditions can improve table design problems. 4. When the data volume is large, partitioning and table division strategies are adopted. 5. In a high concurrency environment, optimizing transactions and locking strategies can reduce lock competition.

In database optimization, indexing strategies should be selected according to query requirements: 1. When the query involves multiple columns and the order of conditions is fixed, use composite indexes; 2. When the query involves multiple columns but the order of conditions is not fixed, use multiple single-column indexes. Composite indexes are suitable for optimizing multi-column queries, while single-column indexes are suitable for single-column queries.

To optimize MySQL slow query, slowquerylog and performance_schema need to be used: 1. Enable slowquerylog and set thresholds to record slow query; 2. Use performance_schema to analyze query execution details, find out performance bottlenecks and optimize.

MySQL and SQL are essential skills for developers. 1.MySQL is an open source relational database management system, and SQL is the standard language used to manage and operate databases. 2.MySQL supports multiple storage engines through efficient data storage and retrieval functions, and SQL completes complex data operations through simple statements. 3. Examples of usage include basic queries and advanced queries, such as filtering and sorting by condition. 4. Common errors include syntax errors and performance issues, which can be optimized by checking SQL statements and using EXPLAIN commands. 5. Performance optimization techniques include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and improving code readability.


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