Mysql学习之十二:JDBC连接数据库之DriverManager方法_MySQL
- JDBC连接数据库
- 创建一个以JDBC连接数据库的程序,包含7个步骤:
- 1、加载JDBC驱动程序:
- 在连接数据库之前,首先要加载想要连接的数据库的驱动到JVM(Java虚拟机),
- 这通过java.lang.Class类的静态方法forName(String className)实现。
- 例如:
- try{
- //加载MySql的驱动类
- Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver") ;
- }catch(ClassNotFoundException e){
- System.out.println("找不到驱动程序类 ,加载驱动失败!");
- e.printStackTrace() ;
- }
- 成功加载后,会将Driver类的实例注册到DriverManager类中。
- 2、提供JDBC连接的URL
- 连接URL定义了连接数据库时的协议、子协议、数据源标识。
- 书写形式:协议:子协议:数据源标识
- 协议:在JDBC中总是以jdbc开始
- 子协议:是桥连接的驱动程序或是数据库管理系统名称。
- 数据源标识:标记找到数据库来源的地址与连接端口。
- 例如:(MySql的连接URL)
- jdbc:mysql:
- //localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=gbk ;
- useUnicode=true:表示使用Unicode字符集。如果characterEncoding设置为
- gb2312或GBK,本参数必须设置为true 。characterEncoding=gbk:字符编码方式。
- 3、创建数据库的连接
- 要连接数据库,需要向java.sql.DriverManager请求并获得Connection对象,
- 该对象就代表一个数据库的连接。
- 使用DriverManager的getConnectin(String url , String username ,
- String password )方法传入指定的欲连接的数据库的路径、数据库的用户名和
- 密码来获得。
- 例如:
- //连接MySql数据库,用户名和密码都是root
- String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" ;
- String username = "root" ;
- String password = "root" ;
- try{
- Connection con =
- DriverManager.getConnection(url , username , password ) ;
- }catch(SQLException se){
- System.out.println("数据库连接失败!");
- se.printStackTrace() ;
- }
- 4、创建一个Statement
- 要执行SQL语句,必须获得java.sql.Statement实例,Statement实例分为以下3
- 种类型:
- 1、执行静态SQL语句。通常通过Statement实例实现。
- 2、执行动态SQL语句。通常通过PreparedStatement实例实现。
- 3、执行数据库存储过程。通常通过CallableStatement实例实现。
- 具体的实现方式:
- Statement stmt = con.createStatement() ;
- PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql) ;
- CallableStatement cstmt =
- con.prepareCall("{CALL demoSp(? , ?)}") ;
- 5、执行SQL语句
- Statement接口提供了三种执行SQL语句的方法:executeQuery 、executeUpdate
- 和execute
- 1、ResultSet executeQuery(String sqlString):执行查询数据库的SQL语句
- ,返回一个结果集(ResultSet)对象。
- 2、int executeUpdate(String sqlString):用于执行INSERT、UPDATE或
- DELETE语句以及SQL DDL语句,如:CREATE TABLE和DROP TABLE等
- 3、execute(sqlString):用于执行返回多个结果集、多个更新计数或二者组合的
- 语句。
- 具体实现的代码:
- ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM ...") ;
- int rows = stmt.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO ...") ;
- boolean flag = stmt.execute(String sql) ;
- 6、处理结果
- 两种情况:
- 1、执行更新返回的是本次操作影响到的记录数。
- 2、执行查询返回的结果是一个ResultSet对象。
- ResultSet包含符合SQL语句中条件的所有行,并且它通过一套get方法提供了对这些
- 行中数据的访问。
- 使用结果集(ResultSet)对象的访问方法获取数据:
- while(rs.next()){
- String name = rs.getString("name") ;
- String pass = rs.getString(1) ; // 此方法比较高效
- }
- (列是从左到右编号的,并且从列1开始)
- 7、关闭JDBC对象
- 操作完成以后要把所有使用的JDBC对象全都关闭,以释放JDBC资源,关闭顺序和声
- 明顺序相反:
- 1、关闭记录集
- 2、关闭声明
- 3、关闭连接对象
- if(rs != null){ // 关闭记录集
- try{
- rs.close() ;
- }catch(SQLException e){
- e.printStackTrace() ;
- }
- }
- if(stmt != null){ // 关闭声明
- try{
- stmt.close() ;
- }catch(SQLException e){
- e.printStackTrace() ;
- }
- }
- if(conn != null){ // 关闭连接对象
- try{
- conn.close() ;
- }catch(SQLException e){
- e.printStackTrace() ;
- }
- }

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Dreamweaver Mac version
Visual web development tools

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

WebStorm Mac version
Useful JavaScript development tools

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows
This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.