What are the classifications of building electrical systems and the systems they include divided into two categories based on voltage levels?

What are the two categories of building electrical according to voltage level and which systems are included?

Civil buildings, above 10kV, are high voltages. High voltages include three major systems: power transformation and distribution, grounding and high-voltage power. In addition, 380/220V is low voltage, and power transformation and distribution, power, lighting, trunk lines, grounding, lightning protection and other systems are strong current. In addition, communication, network, security, fire protection, building control, intelligence, etc. The system is collectively referred to as a weak current system.

Building electrical safety includes: lighting safety, power safety, network security, security safety, fire safety, lightning protection safety, grounding safety, etc.

Building electrical systems can usually be divided into strong current and weak current systems. The strong current system refers to reducing the voltage introduced into the building from the substation to 380/220V through power transformation and distribution equipment, and then supplying power to various electrical equipment through busbars, cables, wires and other transmission equipment. In addition, it also includes lightning protection grounding system, etc. Weak current systems include functional systems such as access control systems, CATV, telephones, integrated wiring and network rooms.

Architectural electrical is an applied discipline that uses electrical technology to create a humanized living environment for buildings. It uses modern scientific theory and advanced electrical technology in a limited space, and is collectively called building electrical.

Work scope of high and low voltage connection project in main distribution room

The power distribution room is also called a power distribution station. According to national standards, a power distribution station is defined as "a high-voltage power distribution device used only for switching and distributing electrical energy, without a busbar of a main transformer." The difference between a power distribution station and a substation is that

The distribution room (distribution station) does not have a transformer, but the substation has a transformer. The power distribution room is an important part of the building's power supply system and requires full-time electricians to be on duty 24 hours a day. Operation without the permission of the management office manager or department head is prohibited.

Non-staff members are prohibited from entering this area. The attendant must hold a valid certificate to work and be familiar with the status, operating procedures and safety matters of power distribution equipment. The watchkeeper should pay close attention to the readings of the voltmeter, ammeter and power factor meter. Irrelevant operations in this area are strictly prohibited.

When the gas switch is overloaded, the floor of the distribution room and the appearance of the equipment should be kept dust-free. The switching operation is performed by the on-duty operator alone, and other personnel can only supervise and are not allowed to interfere. It is strictly prohibited for two people to perform switching operations at the same time.

Avoid errors.

Operation process of power distribution room

1. High voltage distribution room

1. When entering the high-voltage power distribution room, you must wear various insulating equipment (insulating rubber shoes, gloves, safety helmets, etc.)

2. Observe various instruments and switches in the power distribution room to see if there are any abnormalities. Wait until it is confirmed to be accurate

Perform the operation of the power distribution cabinet. (Power on and off)

3. The operation of power transmission is to close the switches in sequence from the incoming end to the outgoing end. Strictly follow the instructions on the power distribution cabinet

Follow the procedures to close the switch. If there are no clear instructions on the distribution cabinet, you must follow the instructions of professional power personnel to perform the step-by-step operation. (Use the operating handle to perform the operation)

4. The operation of power outage is basically the same as power outage. The order of power outage is reversed, starting from the outlet

starts to cut off the power, and then goes to the incoming line cabinet step by step

2. Precautions

1. After each step of closing and opening, check whether the indicator light on the electrical cabinet is normal. If you find that the indicator light is not on (not

off) or the color is different from other indicators (dimmy, or flashing), you must close and open the current switch again, and the switch must be opened in place. Generally You can hear it from the sound, when you listen

When there is a click sound, it means that the closing and opening are in place. 2. It should be noted that the grounding protection device of the outlet cabinet of the power distribution cabinet must be disconnected before power transmission and closing. When power is cut off, the grounding protection device must also be disconnected.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the fact that the power supply gate must be disconnected before closing the grounding gate.

3. When entering the power distribution room, it is best to have people who are familiar with high and low voltage power distribution rooms enter together, so as to avoid an emergency

take care of.

4. When the high-voltage power distribution room is closed and the indicator light of the outlet cabinet lights up normally, you can listen to the sound of the transformer. If

If you hear only a buzzing sound, it means that the electricity is normal. On the contrary, if you hear an abnormal sound, immediately cut off the power and go to the transformer room to check to see if the wires are damaged in any position and if there is any general problem. Some debris is placed on it, then cleaned, bandaged, and then re-energized.

5. No unrelated personnel are allowed to enter the power distribution room, regardless of high voltage or low voltage. 3. Low-voltage power distribution room

.The basic operation is the same as that of the high-voltage power distribution room, which is to close the switches from front to back when power is supplied, and to open the switches from back to front when power is out. Every time a gate is closed, check whether its corresponding indicator light is normal. 4. Distribution room environment

Pay attention to keep the power distribution room clean and tidy, keep it ventilated and dry, especially the temperature of the high-voltage power distribution room should not exceed 45 degrees, otherwise it will affect the life of the power distribution room facilities. 5. Inspection and maintenance

Under normal circumstances, the power distribution room should be entered once a month to check whether each place is safe and available

The transformer should be cleaned once a year. Wiping the terminals of the transformer must be done after powering off and confirming that there is no power, and then after power distribution

A clear sign such as "Line Inspection, Closing and Power Transmission is Prohibited" is hung on the power supply cabinet of room

. When cleaning the transformer, use a rag dipped in alcohol to gently remove dust and other debris. Hope it helps you.

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