Mysql集群
/**** * * *修改每台MYSQL服务器的配置文件 my.cnf(windows下是my.ini) * 1.首先开启每台服务器的Bin日志(必须的) * 指令:log-bin=mysql-bin * 2.给每一个服务器以个Id,多台服务器的Id不能重复,要求是唯一的 只要不相同就行 * 指令: server-id = 1 *3. 下面指令是只有在环形结构时候才需要加下面项,主从的时候不需要加 *指令:log-slave-updates = true * 这里图列解释一下,方便同志们理解
4.关于账号的建立 * 4.1如果主从是(主从)的话那么要在主服务器创建一个账号 SLAVE * 4.2如果是(环形)的话,那么在每台服务器上都创建一个账号 SLAVE * 这个账号就专门用来做复制用的 4.3 创建语法: * 语法:GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; username : 是账号名 password : 是密码
* GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE 意思是分配一个复制的权限 给 SLAVE ON *.*的意思是 第一个*可为哪个一个数据库(可根据实际情况填写), 第二个*这个数据库的那张表(可根据实际情况填写) 如果直接 ON *.*那表示为,所有的数据库的所有表,说白通配符嘛 ,表示我可以复制所有的数据库的所有表 TO 意思是 username用户名(根据实际情况填写) %可以这样填写, ;表示限定到具体的 比如只有192.x.x.xxIP地址才能对复制操作 用来限制那台服务器能进行复制 %就表示所有人能复制 IDENTIFIED BY 'password';密码s 5.在服务器上的信息(查看主的) (环形都弄) FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK; // 意思是,我在复制的时候进行锁表, 保证当前只有我自己一个操作,上线项目建议用上 show master status; //查看状态
--------------------------------------------------------
File Psition binlog_do_Db Bnlog_IGNOre_db
mysq-bin.0000.1 251
--------------------------------------------------------
记录下期中的File 和 Psition
6. 主从:从服务器上设置主服务器的IP地址等信息 环形:说白了,环形链表嘛 一个接着一个,这个没必要详细了嘛,如果还不明白就看我上面的图
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='xx.xx.xx.xx' # 主服务器ip /环形的就是你上一个的
MASTER_USER='账名', # 主服务器上slave账户名 / 环形的就是你上一个的
MASTER_PASSWORD='密码', # 主服务器上slave 密码/ 环形的就是你上一个的
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', # 主服务器上记录的file / 环形的就是你上一个的
MASTER_LOG_POS=251; # 主服务器上记录的Position /环形的就是你上一个的
7. 启动slave start slave
8.主从同步检查 /环形同理 mysql> show slave status/G
Slave_IO_Running :yesSlave_SQL_Running:yes 哥们恭喜你成功了
9.自动删除binlog设置自动清理MySQL binlog日志,expire_logs_days = 10

Stored procedures are precompiled SQL statements in MySQL for improving performance and simplifying complex operations. 1. Improve performance: After the first compilation, subsequent calls do not need to be recompiled. 2. Improve security: Restrict data table access through permission control. 3. Simplify complex operations: combine multiple SQL statements to simplify application layer logic.

The working principle of MySQL query cache is to store the results of SELECT query, and when the same query is executed again, the cached results are directly returned. 1) Query cache improves database reading performance and finds cached results through hash values. 2) Simple configuration, set query_cache_type and query_cache_size in MySQL configuration file. 3) Use the SQL_NO_CACHE keyword to disable the cache of specific queries. 4) In high-frequency update environments, query cache may cause performance bottlenecks and needs to be optimized for use through monitoring and adjustment of parameters.

The reasons why MySQL is widely used in various projects include: 1. High performance and scalability, supporting multiple storage engines; 2. Easy to use and maintain, simple configuration and rich tools; 3. Rich ecosystem, attracting a large number of community and third-party tool support; 4. Cross-platform support, suitable for multiple operating systems.

The steps for upgrading MySQL database include: 1. Backup the database, 2. Stop the current MySQL service, 3. Install the new version of MySQL, 4. Start the new version of MySQL service, 5. Recover the database. Compatibility issues are required during the upgrade process, and advanced tools such as PerconaToolkit can be used for testing and optimization.

MySQL backup policies include logical backup, physical backup, incremental backup, replication-based backup, and cloud backup. 1. Logical backup uses mysqldump to export database structure and data, which is suitable for small databases and version migrations. 2. Physical backups are fast and comprehensive by copying data files, but require database consistency. 3. Incremental backup uses binary logging to record changes, which is suitable for large databases. 4. Replication-based backup reduces the impact on the production system by backing up from the server. 5. Cloud backups such as AmazonRDS provide automation solutions, but costs and control need to be considered. When selecting a policy, database size, downtime tolerance, recovery time, and recovery point goals should be considered.

MySQLclusteringenhancesdatabaserobustnessandscalabilitybydistributingdataacrossmultiplenodes.ItusestheNDBenginefordatareplicationandfaulttolerance,ensuringhighavailability.Setupinvolvesconfiguringmanagement,data,andSQLnodes,withcarefulmonitoringandpe

Optimizing database schema design in MySQL can improve performance through the following steps: 1. Index optimization: Create indexes on common query columns, balancing the overhead of query and inserting updates. 2. Table structure optimization: Reduce data redundancy through normalization or anti-normalization and improve access efficiency. 3. Data type selection: Use appropriate data types, such as INT instead of VARCHAR, to reduce storage space. 4. Partitioning and sub-table: For large data volumes, use partitioning and sub-table to disperse data to improve query and maintenance efficiency.

TooptimizeMySQLperformance,followthesesteps:1)Implementproperindexingtospeedupqueries,2)UseEXPLAINtoanalyzeandoptimizequeryperformance,3)Adjustserverconfigurationsettingslikeinnodb_buffer_pool_sizeandmax_connections,4)Usepartitioningforlargetablestoi


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