在设计数据库的时候,整数类型的使用时不可避免的如ID,类型等。
在选择整数的同时主要是考虑是数据范围,如是否带符号,最大存储值。
一、有误符号
在无符号unsigned类型比有符号的整数多一倍。
如
tinyint 范围 -128~127
tinyint unsigned 范围 0~255
这里的tinyint unsigned比tinyint 最大数多一倍,其它的同理。
如
果我们的范围 1-200,如果使用带符号的整数 tinyint是不能满足的,使用只有选择更宽的字段但使用tinyint unsigned就可以满足。
二、整数范围
tinyint ~百
smallint ~万
mediumint ~千万
int ~10亿
bigint ~ 10亿x10亿
数据详情范围
tinyint 8 bits 0 ~ 255 -128 ~ 127smallint 16 bits 0 ~ 65535 -32768 ~ 32767
mediumint 24 bits 0 ~ 16777216 -8388608 ~ 8388607
int 32 bits 0 ~ 4294967295 -2147483648 ~ 2147483647
bigint 64 bits 0 ~ 18446744073709551615 -9223372036854775808 ~ 9223372036854775807
三、如何选择
这里的数据主要是大楷的数据范围比如100左右用tinyint ,有时我们需要通过计算,比如我们发布的一片新闻
统计它的访问量,如:1000(日访问量)*365(天)*10(年)=36500000(千万) 这是数据是大于mediumint,而在int范围类
但如果我们考虑一下,一篇新闻能到日访问量到1000而且持续10年,如果能那就选择int,如果可能性不大mediumint可能是最好的选择。
有时我们都图略的这些范围的分析,反正只要是整数,要么int或者bigint。在不是很影响性能的情况下,节约设计分析。
当时还有一个设计误区其实用 int(x)来作为整数范围,原来发布过相应的博客数据库-整数类型宽度—int(3)与int(11)区别 来论证过!
原文地址: http://blog.yi18.net/articles/2014/04/06/1396777140197.html
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