In-depth discussion of the characteristics and practical demonstrations of Go language data types

Detailed explanation and example demonstration of the data type characteristics of Go language

1. Introduction

In Go language, data type is a basic concept in programming language one. Understanding and skillfully using various data types is the basis for programming. This article will introduce the characteristics of various data types in the Go language in detail, and deepen understanding through practical examples.

2. Basic data types

1. Integer type

Go language provides a variety of integer types, including int, int8, int16, int32, int64 wait. The length of the int type may be different on different platforms, but the minimum guarantee is 32 bits. For example, the following code demonstrates how to define and use integer types:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var num1 int = 10
    var num2 int8 = -5

    fmt.Printf("num1的类型：%T，值：%d
", num1, num1)
    fmt.Printf("num2的类型：%T，值：%d
", num2, num2)
}

The output is:

num1的类型：int，值：10
num2的类型：int8，值：-5

2. Floating point type

The Go language supports two Three floating-point number types: float32 and float64. They occupy 32-bit and 64-bit storage space respectively and are used to represent decimals. The following code demonstrates how to define and use floating point types:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var num1 float32 = 3.14
    var num2 float64 = 3.1415926535

    fmt.Printf("num1的类型：%T，值：%f
", num1, num1)
    fmt.Printf("num2的类型：%T，值：%f
", num2, num2)
}

The output result is:

num1的类型：float32，值：3.140000
num2的类型：float64，值：3.141593

3. Boolean type

The Boolean type of Go language is only Two values: true and false. It is used to represent logical values. The following code demonstrates how to define and use Boolean types:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var flag1 bool = true
    var flag2 bool = false

    fmt.Printf("flag1的类型：%T，值：%t
", flag1, flag1)
    fmt.Printf("flag2的类型：%T，值：%t
", flag2, flag2)
}

The output result is:

flag1的类型：bool，值：true
flag2的类型：bool，值：false

4. String type

String in Go language Types are enclosed in double quotes, such as "hello, world". The string type is actually an immutable sequence of bytes. The following code demonstrates how to define and use the string type:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var str1 string = "hello"
    var str2 string = "world"

    fmt.Printf("str1的类型：%T，值：%s
", str1, str1)
    fmt.Printf("str2的类型：%T，值：%s
", str2, str2)
}

The output result is:

str1的类型：string，值：hello
str2的类型：string，值：world

3. Composite data type

1. Array type

Arrays in Go language are fixed-length sequence objects of the same type. The following code demonstrates how to define and use array types:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var arr [3]int = [3]int{1, 2, 3}

    fmt.Printf("arr的类型：%T，值：%v
", arr, arr)
    fmt.Printf("arr的长度：%d
", len(arr))
}

The output result is:

arr的类型：[3]int，值：[1 2 3]
arr的长度：3

2. Slice type

Slices in Go language are An abstraction of arrays that provides more flexible access and operations. Slice types do not have a fixed length and can grow dynamically. The following code demonstrates how to define and use slice types:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var slice []int = []int{1, 2, 3}

    fmt.Printf("slice的类型：%T，值：%v
", slice, slice)
    fmt.Printf("slice的长度：%d
", len(slice))
    fmt.Printf("slice的容量：%d
", cap(slice))
}

The output result is:

slice的类型：[]int，值：[1 2 3]
slice的长度：3
slice的容量：3

3. Structure type

Structure in Go language It is a collection of variables of different types, and the data type can be customized. A structure type consists of a series of fields, each with its own type and name. The following code demonstrates how to define and use structure types:

package main

import "fmt"

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func main() {
    var p Person = Person{Name: "Alice", Age: 18}

    fmt.Printf("p的类型：%T，值：%v
", p, p)
    fmt.Printf("p的姓名：%s，年龄：%d
", p.Name, p.Age)
}

The output result is:

p的类型：main.Person，值：{Alice 18}
p的姓名：Alice，年龄：18

IV. Summary

This article introduces the basic data types in Go language in detail and composite data types, demonstrating their characteristics and usage through examples. Mastering these data types will be of great benefit to Go language programming. I hope this article can be helpful to readers.

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