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数据库发展史

  萌芽阶段--文件系统

  初级阶段--第一代数据库:网状模型、层次模型的数据库。

  中级阶段--第二代数据库:关系型数据库和结构化查询语句。

  高级阶段--第三代数据库:“关系-对象”型数据库。

数据库管理系统(DBMS)

  SQL(Strutured Query Language)结构化查询语言

  DDL(Data Definition Language)数据定义语言

  DML(Data Management Language)数据操作语言。mysql自动提交(auto commit),Oracle默认不会自动提交。

  DCL(Data Control Language)数据控制语言

  TC(Transaction Control)事物控制

MYSQL自带的数据库

  information_schema:主要存储了系统中的一些数据库对象信息:如用户表信息、列信息、权限信息、字符集信息、分区信息等(数据字典表)。

  Mysql:存储了系统的用户权限信息及帮助信息。

  Test:系统自动创建的测试数据库,任何用户皆可使用。

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