Optimize the method of setting HTTP status code

How to optimize the setting of HTTP status code

HTTP status code is an important part of identifying HTTP requests and responses. It indicates the processing result of the request. Correctly setting the HTTP status code can help us better understand and handle the status of HTTP requests. When optimizing the settings of HTTP status codes, we need to consider the following aspects: error handling, redirection, cache control, and security. The following will introduce in detail how to optimize the setting of HTTP status codes in these aspects and provide specific code examples.

1. Error handling
   For requests with errors, we should return the appropriate error status code so that the client can clearly understand what went wrong.

• 404 Not Found: This status code is returned when the requested resource does not exist.
• 400 Bad Request: This status code is returned when the request sent by the client has an error.
• 500 Internal Server Error: This status code is returned when an internal error occurs in the server.

Sample code:

// 返回404 Not Found状态码
if (resource === null) {
    res.sendStatus(404);
}

// 返回400 Bad Request状态码
if (request.params === null) {
    res.sendStatus(400);
}

// 返回500 Internal Server Error状态码
try {
    // 执行一些可能引发错误的操作
} catch (error) {
    res.sendStatus(500);
}

2. Redirection
   When a resource is moved or renamed, we can use redirection to instruct the client to access the new location.

• 301 Moved Permanently: Permanent redirection, usually used for redirection after resource movement.
• 302 Found: Temporary redirection, usually used for temporary resource movement or renaming redirection.

Sample code:

// 返回301 Moved Permanently状态码
res.redirect(301, 'https://new-location');

// 返回302 Found状态码
res.redirect(302, 'https://temporary-location');

3. Cache control
   Reasonable cache control can improve the performance of the website. We can control caching using appropriate cache-related status codes and header information.

• 304 Not Modified: When the resource requested by the client has not been modified, this status code can be returned to instruct the client to use the cached version.
• Cache-Control: By setting this header information, you can control the browser's caching behavior of resources.

Sample code:

// 返回304 Not Modified状态码
if (resource.unmodified(request.headers['if-none-match'])) {
    res.sendStatus(304);
}

// 设置Cache-Control头部信息
res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'public, max-age=3600');

4. Security
   Reasonable security settings can improve the security of the website. We can use appropriate status codes and header information to Strengthen security controls.

• 401 Unauthorized: This status code is returned when the request requires user authentication.
• 403 Forbidden: This status code is returned when the request is rejected by the server.

Sample code:

// 返回401 Unauthorized状态码
if (!request.isAuthenticated()) {
    res.sendStatus(401);
}

// 返回403 Forbidden状态码
if (!request.isAllowed()) {
    res.sendStatus(403);
}

Through the above optimization settings, we can better handle the status of HTTP requests and improve the user experience and security of the website. In practical applications, we need to select the corresponding status code and code implementation based on specific business needs and development framework. At the same time, we also need to be careful not to abuse status codes to avoid causing trouble to developers and users.

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