How to Install and Configure VNC on Ubuntu: A Detailed Guide to Remote Desktop Control Steps

Ubuntu is a powerful operating system that provides a wide variety of tools and software to meet the daily needs of users. VNC (Virtual Network Computing) is a remote desktop control protocol that allows users to connect to a remote host through the network and control its desktop environment.

This article will introduce in detail how to install and configure VNC on Ubuntu, and take you step by step to achieve remote desktop control. The following are specific steps and code examples:

Step 1: Install VNC server
Open the terminal and enter the following command to install the VNC server:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install tightvncserver

Step 2: Configure the VNC server
Enter the following command to start the VNC server configuration wizard:

vncserver

After running the command, the system will You are asked to set a password to protect the VNC connection. Please note that this password is the password used to connect to Remote Desktop, so make sure to choose a secure password. After entering the password twice, the path to a configuration file will be displayed and recorded for subsequent use.

Step 3: Edit VNC configuration file
Enter the following command to open the VNC configuration file:

sudo nano ~/.vnc/xstartup

Find the following lines in the file:

#!/bin/sh
# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
# unset SESSION_MANAGER
# exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

Replace these lines Remove the comment mark and add the following lines of code below:

#!/bin/sh
# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop:
unset SESSION_MANAGER
exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

Save the configuration file and exit.

Step 4: Configure the VNC server startup script
Enter the following command to create a script file:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service

Paste the following content into the file:

[Unit]
Description=VNC Server at %i
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
User=%i
Group=%i
WorkingDirectory=/home/%i

PIDFile=/home/%i/.vnc/%H%i.pid
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :%i > /dev/null 2>&1
ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver -depth 24 -geometry 1280x800 :%i
ExecStop=/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :%i

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save the script file and exit.

Step 5: Start the VNC server
Enter the following command to start the VNC server:

sudo systemctl start vncserver@1.service

The "1" here refers to the port number, which can be modified as needed.

Step 6: Set the VNC server to start automatically at boot
Enter the following command to make the VNC server start automatically at boot:

sudo systemctl enable vncserver@1.service

Step 7: Configure the firewall
If the firewall has been enabled on the system , the port of the VNC server needs to be opened. Enter the following command:

sudo ufw allow 5901

The "5901" here refers to the default port number of the VNC server. If you modify the port number, you need to modify the port number in this command accordingly.

At this point, the installation and configuration of the VNC server has been completed. Next, you can use the VNC client to connect to the remote desktop. Enter the following command to connect:

vncviewer <IP地址>:<端口号>

The IP address here is the IP address of the remote host, and the port number is the port number of the VNC server.

Through the above steps, you can successfully install and configure VNC on Ubuntu and achieve remote desktop control. No matter where you are, as long as you have a network connection, you can easily access and control the Ubuntu system remotely. VNC has a wide range of applications and can provide very convenient solutions for team collaboration, remote teaching, and technical support. Hope this article can be helpful to you!

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