Explore the inner workings of branch statements and loop statements in Golang

In-depth understanding of branch statements and loop statements in Golang requires specific code examples

Branch statements and loop statements are common control structures in programming, used to control the program process and execution times. In Golang, branch statements include if statements and switch statements, while loop statements mainly include for statements. This article will delve into the use of these statements and give specific code examples.

1. Branch statement

1. if statement

The if statement is one of the most commonly used branch statements. Its basic syntax is as follows:

if condition {
// Execution statement
} else {
// Execution statement
}

where condition is a Boolean expression, if the value of condition is true, the first code block is executed; if it is false, the code block after else is executed. The following is a specific example:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    num := 10
    if num%2 == 0 {
        fmt.Println("num是偶数")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("num是奇数")
    }
}

The output result is: num is an even number.

2. switch statement

The switch statement is used for branch judgment under multiple selection conditions. Its basic syntax is as follows:

switch expression {
case value1:
// Execute statement
case value2:
// Execute statement
default:
/ /Execute statement
}

According to the value of expression, select the corresponding code block for execution. If a matching value is found, the corresponding code block is executed; if there is no matching value, the code block after default is executed. The following is a specific example:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    weekday := 4
    switch weekday {
    case 1:
        fmt.Println("星期一")
    case 2:
        fmt.Println("星期二")
    case 3:
        fmt.Println("星期三")
    case 4:
        fmt.Println("星期四")
    case 5:
        fmt.Println("星期五")
    default:
        fmt.Println("周末")
    }
}

The output result is: Thursday.

2. Loop statement

1. for statement

The for statement is one of the most commonly used loop statements. Its basic syntax is as follows:

for initialization; condition; post {
// Loop body
}

where initialization is the initial condition, condition is the loop condition, and post is Code to be executed after each loop. The following is a specific example:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    sum := 0
    for i := 1; i <= 100; i++ {
        sum += i
    }
    fmt.Println("1到100的和为：", sum)
}

The output result is: the sum of 1 to 100 is: 5050.

2. range statement

The range statement is used to traverse collection types such as arrays, slices, dictionaries, and channels. Its basic syntax is as follows:

for index, value := range collection {
// Loop body
}

where index is the index or key, and value is the corresponding index Or the value of a key, collection is a collection. The following is a specific example:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    nums := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
    for index, value := range nums {
        fmt.Printf("索引：%d，值：%d
", index, value)
    }
}

The output result is:

Index: 0, value: 1
Index: 1, value: 2
Index: 2, value: 3
Index: 3, value: 4
Index: 4, value: 5

Summary:

This article provides an in-depth understanding of branch statements and loop statements in Golang, and provides Specific code examples are provided. if statements and switch statements can be used to execute different code blocks based on different conditions, and for statements and range statements can be used to implement loop operations. Mastering the usage of these statements can more flexibly control the flow and execution times of the program and improve programming efficiency.

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