Understand naming rules and identifier usage in Golang

Understanding the naming rules and identifier usage in Golang requires specific code examples

When learning and using Golang (Go language), understand and follow its naming rules The use of identifiers is very important. This article will introduce the naming rules and the use of identifiers in Golang, and deepen understanding through specific code examples.

1. Naming rules

1. Identifiers consist of letters (a-z or A-Z) numbers (0-9) and underscores (_), and cannot start with numbers.
   For example, student, age, myVar.
2. Identifiers are case-sensitive.
   For example, MyName and myName are two different identifiers.

3. The capitalization of the first letter has special meaning.

   • Identifiers starting with a capital letter are exportable (accessible in other packages).
   • Identifiers starting with lowercase letters are not exportable (can only be accessed within the current package).

4. # Avoid using keywords and predefined identifiers as identifiers.
   Sample code:

   // 错误的标识符示例
   var func int // func为关键字，不能用作变量名
   
   // 正确的标识符示例
   var myFunc int // myFunc是合法的标识符

2. Use of identifiers

1. Variable names and constant names

   • Variable names start with a letter or an underscore and can be followed by letters, numbers, or underscores.
   • Constant names are usually all capitalized, and multiple words are separated by underscores.
     Sample code:

   package main
   
   import (
       "fmt"
   )
   
   // 声明全局变量
   var globalVar int = 10
   
   // 声明常量
   const PI float64 = 3.14159
   
   func main() {
       // 声明局部变量
       var localVar int = 20
       fmt.Println(globalVar)  // 输出全局变量
       fmt.Println(localVar)   // 输出局部变量
       fmt.Println(PI)        // 输出常量
   }

2. Function name

   • The function name starts with a letter or underscore, and can be followed by letters, numbers, or underscores.
   • Function names should be descriptive and can clearly express the function of the function.

   Sample code:

   package main
   
   import (
       "fmt"
   )
   
   // 定义一个加法函数
   func add(a, b int) int {
       return a + b
   }
   
   func main() {
       result := add(2, 3)
       fmt.Println(result) // 输出5
   }

3. Structure name, interface name and type name

   • Structure name, interface name and type name CamelCase nomenclature is usually used (the first letter is lowercase).
     Sample code:

   package main
   
   import (
       "fmt"
   )
   
   // 定义一个结构体
   type person struct {
       name string
       age  int
   }
   
   // 定义一个接口
   type animal interface {
       sound() string
   }
   
   func main() {
       p := person{name: "Alice", age: 20}
       fmt.Println(p.name, p.age) // 输出Alice 20
   }

Summary:

This article introduces the naming rules and identifier usage in Golang, and uses specific code examples to explained. Following naming rules and using identifiers rationally can help improve the readability and maintainability of code, and are also the basic qualities of a Golang programmer. I hope the content of this article can help you understand and use Golang's naming conventions and identifiers.

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