通常情况下,我们会使用以下SQL语句来更新字段值:
复制代码代码如下:
UPDATE mytable SET myfield='value' WHERE other_field='other_value';
但是,如果你想更新多行数据,并且每行记录的各字段值都是各不一样,你会怎么办呢?举个例子,我的博客有三个分类目录(免费资源、教程指南、橱窗展示),这些分类目录的信息存储在数据库表categories中,并且设置了显示顺序字段
display_order,每个分类占一行记录。如果我想重新编排这些分类目录的顺序,例如改成(教程指南、橱窗展示、免费资源),这时就需要更新categories表相应行的display_order字段,这就涉及到更新多行记录的问题了,刚开始你可能会想到使用循环执行多条UPDATE语句的方式,就像以下的php程序示例:
复制代码代码如下:
foreach ($display_order as $id => $ordinal) {
$sql="UPDATE categories SET display_order = $ordinal WHERE id = $id";
mysql_query($sql);
}
这种方法并没有什么任何错误,并且代码简单易懂,但是在循环语句中执行了不止一次SQL查询,在做系统优化的时候,我们总是想尽可能的减少数据库查询的次数,以减少资源占用,同时可以提高系统速度。
幸运的是,还有更好的解决方案,下面列举两种常用的方案只不过SQL语句稍微复杂点,但是只需执行一次查询即可,语法如下:
?第一种:IF--THEN语句结合
复制代码代码如下:
UPDATE mytable
SET myfield = CASE other_field
WHEN 1 THEN 'value'
WHEN 2 THEN 'value'
WHEN 3 THEN 'value'
END
WHERE id IN (1,2,3)
回到我们刚才的分类目录的例子,我们可以使用以下SQL语句:
复制代码代码如下:
UPDATE categories
SET display_order = CASE id
WHEN 1 THEN 3
WHEN 2 THEN 4
WHEN 3 THEN 5
END,
title = CASE id
WHEN 1 THEN 'New Title 1'
WHEN 2 THEN 'New Title 2'
WHEN 3 THEN 'New Title 3'
END
WHERE id IN (1,2,3)
以上方案大大减少了数据库的查询操作次数,大大节约了系统资源,但是该怎样与我们的编程语言结合起来呢?我们还是用刚才分类目录的例子,以下是php的程序示例:
复制代码代码如下:
$display_order = array(
1 => 4,
2 => 1,
3 => 2,
4 => 3,
5 => 9,
6 => 5,
7 => 8,
8 => 9
);
$ids = implode(',', array_keys($display_order));
$sql = "UPDATE categories SET display_order = CASE id ";
foreach ($display_order as $id => $ordinal) {
$sql .= sprintf("WHEN %d THEN %d ", $id, $ordinal); // 拼接SQL语句
}
$sql .= "END WHERE id IN ($ids)";
echo $sql;
mysql_query($sql);
在这个例子中总共更新了8行数据,但是只执行了一次数据库查询,相比于循环执行8次UPDATE语句,以上例子所节约的时间可以说是微不足道的。但是想想,当你需要更新10,0000或者更多行记录时,你会发现这其中的好处!唯一要注意的问题是SQL语句的长度,需要考虑程序运行环境所支持的字符串长度,我目前获得的数据:SQL语句长度达到1,000,960在php中仍然可以顺利执行,我查询了php文档并没有发现明确规定字符串最大长度。
?第二种INSERT方式
MySql中INSERT语法具有一个条件DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE,这个语法和适合用在需要判断记录是否存在,不存在则插入存在则更新的记录。
基于上面这种情况,针对更新记录,仍然使用insert语句,不过限制主键重复时,更新字段。如下:
复制代码代码如下:
INSERT INTO t_member (id, name, email) VALUES
(1, 'nick', 'nick@126.com'),
(4, 'angel','angel@163.com'),
(7, 'brank','ba198@126.com')
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE name=VALUES(name), email=VALUES(email);
注意:ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE只是MySQL的特有语法,并不是SQL标准语法!

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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