What are the methods for defining structures in go language?

The methods for defining structure in Go language are: 1. Directly define structure fields; 2. Use embedded structures; 3. Define structures with methods; 4. Use pointer types as structure fields; 5. Use arrays or slices as structure fields. In the Go language, you can use structures to define a set of related fields. These fields can be basic data types, pointer types, array types, slice types, or other structure types. A structure can contain zero or more fields. , and can be customized as needed.

The operating system for this tutorial: Windows 10 system, Go version 1.21, DELL G3 computer.

In the Go language, you can use a structure (struct) to define a set of related fields. These fields can be basic data types, pointer types, array types, slice types or other structure types. A structure can contain zero or more fields and can be customized as needed.

The following are several ways to define structures in Go language:

1. Directly define the structure fields:

type Person struct {  
    Name string  
    Age  int  
}

The above code defines A structure named Person contains two fields Name and Age, which are string type and integer type respectively.

2. Use embedded structures:

You can embed another structure within a structure to combine multiple related fields.

type Student struct {  
    Person   // 嵌入结构体  
    Class    string  
    RollNo   int  
}

In the above code, the Student structure is embedded in the Person structure, and also contains two fields: Class and RollNo.

3. Define a structure with methods:

You can define methods for the structure to perform specific operations on the structure. Methods can be implemented by adding method signatures after the structure definition.

type Rectangle struct {  
    Width  int  
    Height int  
}  
  
func (r Rectangle) Area() int {  
    return r.Width * r.Height  
}

In the above code, the Rectangle structure defines two fields Width and Height, and defines a method named Area to calculate the area of ​​the rectangle.

4. Use pointer types as structure fields:

You can include pointer type fields in the structure to store references to other objects in the structure. . Fields of pointer type can be defined using the * symbol.

type Book struct {  
    Title   string  
    Author  *Person // 指向Person结构体的指针  
}

In the above code, the Book structure contains two fields: Title and Author, where Author is a pointer to the Person structure.

5. Use arrays or slices as structure fields:

You can include array or slice type fields in the structure to store a set of elements of the same type. . Fields of array or slice type can be defined using square brackets.

type Queue struct {  
    Items []int // 切片类型的字段  
}

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