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PHP Websocket development tutorial to build a real-time stock trading system
- 王林Original
- 2023-12-02 10:39:181256browse
PHP Websocket Development Tutorial: Building a Real-time Stock Trading System
Introduction:
With the development of the Internet, real-time has become a problem for many applications met an important requirement. As a system involving a large amount of real-time data, the stock trading system needs to be able to display changes in stock prices and updates to trading data to users in real time. In the traditional development model, communication between the front end and the back end is completed by continuously sending requests and receiving responses. However, this method has a certain delay and cannot meet the real-time requirements.
In order to solve this problem, WebSocket technology came into being. WebSocket is a protocol that establishes a persistent connection between a client and a server, enabling real-time two-way communication. In this article, we will use an example to introduce how to use PHP WebSocket to develop a real-time stock trading system.
Step 1: Build a basic environment
First, we need to build a basic development environment. In this example, we will use PHP as the backend language and Composer to manage PHP's dependent libraries. Please make sure you have PHP and Composer installed.
Step 2: Introduce the WebSocket dependency library
WebSocket is a standardized protocol, and PHP itself does not provide WebSocket support. Therefore, we need to introduce a third-party library to implement WebSocket functions. In this example, we will use the Ratchet library. In your project directory, execute the following command to install Ratchet:
composer require cboden/ratchet
Step 3: Write WebSocket server-side code
We first write a WebSocket server-side code. Create a file named Server.php and enter the following code:
<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use RatchetMessageComponentInterface;
use RatchetConnectionInterface;
class Server implements MessageComponentInterface {
protected $clients;
public function __construct() {
$this->clients = new SplObjectStorage;
}
public function onOpen(ConnectionInterface $conn) {
$this->clients->attach($conn);
}
public function onMessage(ConnectionInterface $from, $msg) {
foreach ($this->clients as $client) {
$client->send($msg);
}
}
public function onClose(ConnectionInterface $conn) {
$this->clients->detach($conn);
}
public function onError(ConnectionInterface $conn, Exception $e) {
$conn->close();
}
}
$webSock = new ReactSocketServer('0.0.0.0:8080', $loop);
$webServer = new RatchetServerIoServer(
new RatchetHttpHttpServer(
new RatchetWebSocketWsServer(
new Server()
)
),
$webSock
);
$loop->run();In the above code, we first introduced the necessary dependent libraries and namespaces. We then define a class named Server that implements Ratchet’s MessageComponentInterface interface. In the Server class, we define several event callback functions, which correspond to several different states of WebSocket.
Finally, we use Ratchet's various components and classes to establish the WebSocket server and start the server.
Step 4: Write the front-end code
In this example, we use JavaScript to write the client-side code. Create a file named index.html and enter the following code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>实时股票交易系统</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="stock"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080');
socket.onmessage = function(event) {
var stockData = JSON.parse(event.data);
var stockElement = document.getElementById('stock');
stockElement.innerHTML = "股票名称：" + stockData.name + "<br>股票价格：" + stockData.price;
};
</script>
</body>
</html>In the above code, we first create a WebSocket object and specify the address of the server. Then we define an onmessage event handler function, which is called when the server sends a message. In this processing function, we parse the stock data in JSON format sent by the server and display it on the page.
Step 5: Start the server
Now, we can use the command line to start the WebSocket server. In the project directory, execute the following command:
php Server.php
Step 6: Test the system
Open the index.html file in the browser, you will see a blank page. If everything goes well, when the server sends stock data, the page will update in real time with the name and price of the stock.
You can modify the content of the message sent in the onMessage method on the server side to simulate real-time stock data updates.
Conclusion:
Through this example, we learned how to use PHP WebSocket to develop a real-time stock trading system. WebSocket technology can well meet the real-time requirements, making the communication between the front end and the back end more efficient and real-time. In actual applications, we can further expand this system, such as adding user authentication, data storage and other functions. I hope this article is helpful to you, thank you for reading!
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