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How to use Java Websocket to implement online audio and video calls?

王林Original: 2023-12-02 09:44:251227browse

如何使用Java Websocket实现在线音视频通话？

How to use Java Websocket to implement online audio and video calls?

In today’s digital age, real-time communication is becoming more and more common. Whether it is remote collaboration at work or remote communication with relatives and friends at home, real-time audio and video calls have become an indispensable part of people. This article will introduce how to use Java Websocket to implement online audio and video calls, and provide specific code examples.

1. Understand Websocket

Websocket is a new protocol in HTML5, which provides full-duplex communication capabilities between the browser and the server. Compared with traditional HTTP requests, Websocket has lower latency and higher efficiency, and is suitable for real-time communication scenarios.

2. Build a Websocket server

First, we need to build a Websocket server to handle audio and video call requests. You can choose to use the WebSocket API in Java EE, or use third-party libraries such as Jetty. The following is a sample code for setting up a server using the WebSocket API in Java EE:

import javax.websocket.*;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

@ServerEndpoint("/video-call")
public class VideoCallServer {
    private static Set<Session> sessions = new HashSet<>();

    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session) {
        sessions.add(session);
    }

    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message, Session session) throws IOException {
        for (Session s : sessions) {
            if (!s.equals(session)) {
                s.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
            }
        }
    }

    @OnClose
    public void onClose(Session session) {
        sessions.remove(session);
    }
}

The above code creates a WebSocket server endpoint named /video-call and implements ## The #onOpen, onMessage, and onClose methods handle the logic of connections, message sending and receiving, and connection closing.

3. Front-end implementation

Next, we need to implement the audio and video call function in the front-end page. To simplify the example, WebRTC technology is used here to handle audio and video transmission. The following is a basic front-end page sample code:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>视频通话</title>
</head>
<body>
    <video id="local-video" autoplay></video>
    <video id="remote-video" autoplay></video>
    
    <script>
        var localVideo = document.getElementById("local-video");
        var remoteVideo = document.getElementById("remote-video");
      
        // 获取本地媒体流，即摄像头和麦克风的输入
        navigator.getUserMedia = navigator.getUserMedia || navigator.webkitGetUserMedia || navigator.mozGetUserMedia;
        navigator.getUserMedia({ video: true, audio: true }, function(localStream) {
            // 在本地视频元素上显示本地媒体流
            localVideo.srcObject = localStream;
          
            var serverUrl = "ws://localhost:8080/video-call";
            var websocket = new WebSocket(serverUrl);
          
            websocket.onopen = function(event) {
                // 将本地媒体流发送到服务器
                websocket.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "stream", stream: localStream }));
            };
          
            websocket.onmessage = function(event) {
                var data = JSON.parse(event.data);
                if (data.type === "stream") {
                    // 在远程视频元素上显示远程媒体流
                    remoteVideo.srcObject = data.stream;
                }
            };
        }, function(error) {
            console.log("获取本地媒体流失败：" + error);
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>

The above code uses the

getUserMedia method to obtain input from the local camera and microphone and send the local media stream to the server through Websocket. At the same time, receive the remote media stream sent by the server and display it on the corresponding 39000f942b2545a5315c57fa3276f220 element.

Run the above code, deploy the Websocket server in the local Tomcat, and then access the front-end page

http://localhost:8080/video-call to make online audio and video calls.

Summary:

This article introduces the steps of how to use Java Websocket to implement online audio and video calls, and provides corresponding code examples. By studying this article, readers can master the basic principles and technical implementation of using Java Websocket to achieve real-time communication. Hope it helps readers!

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