Learn Go language database connection and ORM framework

Learn the database connection and ORM framework of Go language

In recent years, Go language has become more and more widely used in the field of software development and has become the first choice for many developers. Preferred language. In the Go language, database connection and ORM (Object Relational Mapping) framework are very important parts. They can help us simplify database operations and improve development efficiency. This article will introduce how to connect to the database and use the ORM framework for database operations.

First, we need to connect to the database in Go language. In Go language, we can use the officially provided database/sql package to connect to common databases. This package provides a common interface to interact with different databases. We can introduce related dependencies of the database/sql package into the code:

import (
    "database/sql"
    _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)

In this example, we use MySQL as the sample database.

Next, we need to create a database connection. First, we need to define the connection parameters of the database, such as database type, username, password, address, etc. Then, we can use the sql.Open() function to create a database connection:

db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "username:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/database")
if err != nil {
    // 处理错误
}

In this example, we use "mysql" as the database type, and "username" and "password" are the database types respectively. User name and password, "127.0.0.1:3306" is the address and port number of the database, and "database" is the name of the database.

After creating a database connection, we can use the connection to perform database operations. For example, we can execute a SQL query statement to obtain data from the database:

rows, err := db.Query("SELECT * FROM users")
if err != nil {
    // 处理错误
}
defer rows.Close()

for rows.Next() {
    var id int
    var name string
    err := rows.Scan(&id, &name)
    if err != nil {
        // 处理错误
    }
    // 处理数据
}

In this example, we executed a SELECT statement to obtain data from the users table. By using the rows.Scan() function, we can save the query results to the corresponding variables.

In addition to manually executing SQL statements, we can also use the ORM framework to simplify database operations. The ORM framework can map database records to Go language objects, so that database operations can be performed in an object-oriented manner. In the Go language, there are many excellent ORM frameworks to choose from, such as GORM, XORM, etc.

Taking GORM as an example, we can use this framework to perform database operations. First, we need to introduce GORM-related dependencies into the code:

import (
    "github.com/jinzhu/gorm"
    _ "github.com/jinzhu/gorm/dialects/mysql"
)

Then, we can create a GORM database connection:

db, err := gorm.Open("mysql", "username:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/database")
if err != nil {
    // 处理错误
}
defer db.Close()

After creating the database connection, we can define the structure of the Go language body to map the structure of the database table. For example, we can define a User structure to map the structure of the users table:

type User struct {
    ID   int
    Name string
}

Then, we can use GORM's automatic migration function to create a database table:

db.AutoMigrate(&User{})

Next, we will You can use GORM for database operations. For example, we can create a new user object and save it to the database:

user := User{Name: "Alice"}
db.Create(&user)

In addition to creating records, we can also use GORM to perform operations such as update, query, and delete.

By learning the database connection and ORM framework of Go language, we can perform database operations more conveniently. Whether manually executing SQL statements or using an ORM framework, it can help us simplify database operations and improve development efficiency. I hope this article will help you learn the database connection and ORM framework of Go language.

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