如果把用户输入到一个网页,将其插入到MySQL数据库,有机会离开了发生安全问题被称为SQL注入敞开。这一课将教如何帮助防止这种情况的发生,并帮助保护脚本和MySQL语句。
注入通常发生在处理一个用户输入,如他们的名字,而不是一个名字,他们给一个会在不知不觉中你的数据库上运行的MySQL语句。
永远不要信任用户提供的数据,只能验证后处理这些数据,作为一项规则,这是通过模式匹配。在下面的例子中,用户名被限制为字母数字字符加下划线的长度在8到20个字符之间 - 根据需要修改这些规则。
if (preg_match("/^\w{8,20}$/", $_GET['username'], $matches)) { $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username=$matches[0]"); } else { echo "username not accepted"; }
为了说明这个问题,认为这是摘要:
// supposed input $name = "Qadir'; DELETE FROM users;"; mysql_query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE name='{$name}'");
函数调用应该是从用户表中的名称列的名称相匹配用户指定的检索记录。在正常情况下,名称只包含字母数字字符或空间,如字符串髂骨。但在这里,给$name通过附加一个全新的查询,调用数据库变成灾难:注入DELETE查询删除用户的所有记录。
幸运的是,如果使用MySQL,在mysql_query()函数不会允许查询堆叠,或在一个单一的函数调用执行多个查询。如果尝试到堆放查询则调用失败。
其他PHP数据库扩展,如SQLite和PostgreSQL则愉快地进行堆查询,执行在一个字符串中的所有的查询,并创建一个严重的安全问题。
防止SQL注入:
可以处理所有的转义字符巧妙的脚本语言,比如Perl和PHP。 PHP的MySQL扩展提供的函数mysql_real_escape_string()输入到MySQL的特殊字符进行转义。
if (get_magic_quotes_gpc()) { $name = stripslashes($name); } $name = mysql_real_escape_string($name); mysql_query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE name='{$name}'");
LIKE困境:
为了解决的LIKE问题,一个自定义的转义机制必须用户提供的%和_字符转换成文字。使用addcslashes()函数,让可以指定一个字符范围转义。
$sub = addcslashes(mysql_real_escape_string("%something_"), "%_"); // $sub == \%something\_ mysql_query("SELECT * FROM messages WHERE subject LIKE '{$sub}%'");

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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