How to solve matplotlib Chinese garbled characters

matplotlib Chinese garbled solution steps: 1. Set the correct encoding before importing the matplotlib library; 2. Specify the font file. When drawing, specify the font file that supports Chinese; 3. Use Unicode encoding, use Unicode encoding to display Chinese characters when drawing images; 4. Set the graphics backend, try to set the graphics backend to a backend that supports Chinese; 5. Check the data source, and use the corresponding encoding to read the data, etc.

Operating system for this tutorial: Windows 10 system, Python version 3.11.4, Dell G3 computer.

The problem of garbled characters in Matplotlib is usually caused by inconsistent encoding. In order to solve this problem, you can try the following methods:

1. Set the correct encoding: Before importing the matplotlib library, you can try to set the correct encoding, for example:

import matplotlib  
matplotlib.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = 'SimHei'  # 指定默认字体为黑体  
matplotlib.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 解决保存图像是负号'-'显示为方块的问题

2. Specify font files: When drawing, you can specify font files that support Chinese, for example:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties  
  
font = FontProperties(fname=r"/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/uming.ttc")  # 指定字体文件路径  
plt.xlabel(u'时间', fontproperties=font)  # 使用指定的字体绘制x轴标签

3. Use Unicode encoding: When using When matplotlib draws images, you can try to use Unicode encoding to display Chinese characters. For example:

plt.title(u'你好，世界！')  # 使用Unicode编码显示中文字符

4. Set the graphics backend: If the above method still cannot solve the problem, you can try to set the graphics backend to a backend that supports Chinese, for example:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
plt.switch_backend('agg')  # 切换到agg backend，该backend支持中文显示

5. Check the data source: If the Chinese characters in the image are read from the data source, you need to ensure that the encoding in the data source is consistent with the encoding in matplotlib. You can try to view the encoding format of the data source and read the data using the corresponding encoding. For example:

with open('data.csv', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:  # 使用utf-8编码读取数据  
    data = f.read()

Solving the problem of garbled Chinese characters in Matplotlib requires starting from many aspects, including setting the correct encoding, specifying font files, using Unicode encoding, setting graphics backend, and checking the encoding format of the data source.

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