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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial数据库崩溃,利用备份和日志进行灾难恢复_MySQL

在实际的工作中,我们可能经常会遇到数据库宕机,数据丢失的情况,下面,我将演示一个模拟环境

1.数据库正常启动插入数据:

[root@client103 ~]# mysql -uroot -pkongzhong
mysql> use test;
mysql> insert into a select * from a;
#注: 这里不演示建表,默认大家都懂
# 下面进行一次全备
[root@client103 ~]# innobackupex --user=root --password=kongzhong --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --port=3306 /tmp/backup/ >/tmp/backup/innoback.log 2>&1
# 再次插入数据
mysql> insert into a select * from a;
# 实行增量备份
[root@client103 ~]# innobackupex --user=root --password=kongzhong --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --port=3306 --incremental --incremental-basedir=/tmp/backup/2014-02-27_13-24-51/ /tmp/backup/
# 再次插入数据
mysql> insert into a select * from a;
# 此时大家记录一下现在的总行数(一会还原需要核对数据的)
# 此时数据库宕机
#模拟宕机操作为:
# 1.将数据目录的下的二进制日志,复制到 /tmp/backup,一会需要重演日志(此步非常重要,复制操作默认大家会了)
# 2.删除数据目录下的所有文件,此时数据库就崩溃了(如果关闭数据库,是关不了,记得杀掉进程,kill -9 ....)

2.数据库宕机后执行恢复操作

在实际的工作中,我们可能经常会遇到数据库宕机,数据丢失的情况,下面,我将演示一个模拟环境
1.数据库正常启动插入数据:

[root@client103 ~]# mysql -uroot -pkongzhong
mysql> use test;
mysql> insert into a select * from a;
#注: 这里不演示建表,默认大家都懂
# 下面进行一次全备
[root@client103 ~]# innobackupex --user=root --password=kongzhong --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --port=3306 /tmp/backup/ >/tmp/backup/innoback.log 2>&1
# 再次插入数据
mysql> insert into a select * from a;
# 实行增量备份
[root@client103 ~]# innobackupex --user=root --password=kongzhong --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --port=3306 --incremental --incremental-basedir=/tmp/backup/2014-02-27_13-24-51/ /tmp/backup/
# 再次插入数据
mysql> insert into a select * from a;
# 此时大家记录一下现在的总行数(一会还原需要核对数据的)
# 此时数据库宕机
#模拟宕机操作为:
# 1.将数据目录的下的二进制日志,复制到 /tmp/backup,一会需要重演日志(此步非常重要,复制操作默认大家会了)
# 2.删除数据目录下的所有文件,此时数据库就崩溃了(如果关闭数据库,是关不了,记得杀掉进程,kill -9 ....)
2.数据库宕机后执行恢复操作

# 全备应用日志
[root@client103 ~]# innobackupex --apply-log /tmp/backup/2014-02-27_13-24-51/
# 增备应用日志
[root@client103 ~]# innobackupex --apply-log /tmp/backup/2014-02-27_13-24-51/ --incremental-dir=/tmp/backup/2014-02-27_13-32-44/
# 应用完日志,利用全备恢复数据
[root@client103 ~]# innobackupex --copy-back /tmp/backup/2014-02-27_13-24-51/
# 修改数据目录权限为mysql:mysql
[root@client103 ~]# chown mysq:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R
# 启动数据库
[root@client103 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
# 登陆数据库,查看数据行数,发现数值与崩溃前是不一致的,所以需要利用日志恢复
[root@client103 ~]# mysql -uroot -pkongzhong
mysql> use test;
mysql> select count(*) from a;
# 查看最后一次增备完成时的日志文件名和pos号(备份时自动记录的)
[root@client103 ~]# cat /tmp/backup/2014-02-27_13-32-44/xtrabackup_binlog_info
mysql-103-bin.000005  3694
# 所以,我们使用二进制执行恢复时,起始点为3694
# 利用日志恢复
[root@client103 ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-pos=3694 /tmp/backup/mysql-103-bin.000005 |mysql -uroot -pkongzhong
# 此时在登陆数据库查看数据是否相符,请自行测试
mysql> use test;
mysql> select count(*) from a;

 以上就是本文的全部内容,希望大家可以喜欢。

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