How to send POST request and get response using http.Post function in golang

How to use the http.Post function in golang to send a POST request and get the response

When using golang for network programming, the http package is an important one we often use module. Among them, the http.Post function is a very practical function that can easily send POST requests and obtain response results. The following will introduce the specific steps and code examples on how to use the http.Post function to send a POST request and obtain a response.

Step 1: Import the http package

In the code, you first need to import the http package in order to use the related functions and types in the package. In golang, the syntax for importing packages is as follows:

import "net/http"

Step 2: Construct request parameters

To send a POST request, we need to prepare the request URL and request body. The request URL is a string, and the request body is a byte stream containing request parameters. You can use the url.Values ​​type to construct request parameters, as shown below:

values := url.Values{}
values.Set("key1", "value1")
values.Set("key2", "value2")

Step 3: Send a POST request

Sending a POST request using the http.Post function is very simple, you only need to provide the requested Just the URL and request body. The code is as follows:

url := "http://example.com/api"  // 要发送的POST请求的URL
body := strings.NewReader(values.Encode())  // 将请求参数编码成字节流
response, err := http.Post(url, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", body)  // 发送POST请求
if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("发送POST请求失败：", err)
    return
}
defer response.Body.Close()

Step 4: Process the response result

After sending the POST request through the http.Post function, you can obtain the response result through the response object. The response result is a byte stream containing the data returned by the server. We can use the ioutil.ReadAll function to convert the byte stream into a string to facilitate processing of the response results. The code is as follows:

result, err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)  // 读取响应结果
if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("读取响应结果失败：", err)
    return
}
fmt.Println("响应结果：", string(result))  // 输出响应结果

Complete code example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
    "net/url"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    values := url.Values{}
    values.Set("key1", "value1")
    values.Set("key2", "value2")

    url := "http://example.com/api"
    body := strings.NewReader(values.Encode())
    response, err := http.Post(url, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", body)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("发送POST请求失败：", err)
        return
    }
    defer response.Body.Close()

    result, err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("读取响应结果失败：", err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("响应结果：", string(result))
}

Through the above steps, we can use the http.Post function in golang to send a POST request and obtain the response result returned by the server. It should be noted that in the sample code, the request parameters are encoded and sent in query string format. If you need to send the request body in JSON format, you can use the json.Marshal function to convert the request parameters into a byte stream in JSON format and set the Content-Type. is "application/json".

I hope this article can be helpful to you when using the http.Post function in golang to send a POST request and get the response.

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