How to carry out system backup and recovery strategies for Linux systems

In the process of development and operation and maintenance using Linux systems, system backup and recovery strategies are a very important part. In the event of system crash, hardware failure, human error, etc., backup and recovery strategies can help us quickly restore the system and save important data and time. So, how to carry out system backup and recovery strategy for Linux system? The specific steps are described below and corresponding code examples are provided.

1. System backup strategy

1. Install the backup tool rsync

rsync is a powerful backup tool that can realize incremental backup, cross- Platform backup, remote backup and other functions. When backing up a Linux system, we can use rsync for backup. First, you need to install the rsync tool and enter the following command in the terminal:

sudo apt-get install rsync

2. Writing a backup script

When performing a backup, we need to write a backup script and set corresponding parameters. The following is a simple backup script example:

#!/bin/bash
#定义备份源和备份目标
SRC_DIR=/home/user/files
BACKUP_DIR=/backup/files

#定义日志输出文件
LOG_FILE=/var/log/backup.log

#定义备份时间
BACKUP_TIME=$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S)

#进行备份
echo "备份开始：$(date)" >> $LOG_FILE
rsync -avh --progress $SRC_DIR $BACKUP_DIR/$BACKUP_TIME >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1
echo "备份完成：$(date)" >> $LOG_FILE

#删除旧备份
find $BACKUP_DIR -maxdepth 1 -type d -mtime +7 | xargs rm -rf

Instructions for the backup script:

• SRC_DIR: Backup source directory
• BACKUP_DIR: Backup target directory
• LOG_FILE: Log output file path
• BACKUP_TIME: Backup time
• --progress: Display backup progress
• find $BACKUP_DIR -maxdepth 1 -type d -mtime 7 | xargs rm -rf: Delete the backup 7 days ago

After writing the backup script, save it as backup.sh and give execution permission:

chmod +x backup.sh

3. Create a scheduled task

In order to ensure automatic backup execution, we need to create a scheduled task. Enter the following command in the terminal to create a scheduled task for backup at 2 a.m. every day:

crontab -e
00 2 * * * /path/to/backup.sh

2. System recovery strategy

1. Prepare backup files

When performing system recovery, backup files need to be prepared. It is recommended that backup files be stored in backup media such as external disks to avoid being unable to recover in the event of a system failure. Before performing a restore operation, confirm the integrity and availability of the backup files.

2. Writing a recovery script

When performing system recovery, you need to write a corresponding recovery script. The following is an example of a simple recovery script:

#!/bin/bash
#定义恢复源和恢复目标
SRC_DIR=/backup/files/2021-07-01_12-00-00
DEST_DIR=/home/user/files

#进行恢复
rsync -avh --progress $SRC_DIR $DEST_DIR

Instructions for the recovery script:

• SRC_DIR: Recovery source directory
• DEST_DIR: Recovery target directory
• --progress: Display the recovery progress

After writing the recovery script, save it as restore.sh and give execution permission:

chmod +x restore.sh

3. Execute the recovery script

After preparing the backup file and recovery script, we can execute the recovery script in the command line to restore the system:

sudo ./restore.sh

Summary

The above is the Linux system Detailed steps and code examples for backup and recovery strategies. The quality of the backup and recovery strategy directly affects the reliability and stability of the system, so regular backup and testing are required. At the same time, backups should be stored on external media to avoid simultaneous corruption of backup files and system data.

The above is the detailed content of How to carry out system backup and recovery strategies for Linux systems. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!