Swoole development practice: How to optimize memory consumption of concurrent requests

Swoole development practice: how to optimize the memory consumption of concurrent requests

Swoole is a high-performance network communication framework based on the PHP language, which provides asynchronous IO, protocol Processing, multi-process and other features can help developers implement highly concurrent network applications. However, in the actual development process, if the features provided by Swoole are used unreasonably, it may cause excessive memory consumption, thus affecting the performance of the application. This article will share some experiences and techniques for optimizing memory consumption of concurrent requests in Swoole development practice, and give specific code examples.

1. Use coroutines as much as possible

Swoole provides support for coroutines. Coroutines are lightweight threads that have lower overhead than threads and can avoid thread switching. performance overhead. Using coroutines in Swoole can effectively reduce memory consumption. The following is a sample code for using coroutines:

<?php

use SwooleCoroutine;

Coroutine::create(function () {
    // 协程内的代码逻辑
});

2. Using the coroutine scheduler

In Swoole, you can use the coroutine scheduler to implement coroutine scheduling. Coroutine scheduler Switching between coroutines can be achieved and the overhead of thread switching can be avoided. Using the coroutine scheduler can reduce memory consumption and improve program performance.

<?php

use SwooleCoroutineScheduler;

$scheduler = new Scheduler();
$scheduler->add(function () {
    // 协程1
});

$scheduler->add(function () {
    // 协程2
});

$scheduler->start();

3. Control the number of coroutines

When using coroutines, you need to control the number of coroutines to avoid excessive memory consumption caused by too many coroutines. You can use the coroutine pool provided by Swoole to manage the creation and destruction of coroutine objects. The following is a sample code for using the coroutine pool:

<?php

use SwooleCoroutineChannel;

$poolSize = 10;
$channel = new Channel($poolSize);

for ($i = 0; $i < $poolSize; $i++) {
    // 创建协程对象并加入协程池
    $channel->push(new Coroutine(function () {
        // 协程内的代码逻辑
    }));
}

// 从协程池中取出一个协程对象并执行
$coroutine = $channel->pop();
$coroutine->resume();

// 将协程对象归还到协程池中
$channel->push($coroutine);

4. Reduce file operations

In Swoole development, if files are frequently operated, it will cause excessive memory consumption. You can use memory caching to reduce the number of file operations. The following is a sample code for using memory cache:

<?php

use SwooleTable;

$table = new Table(1024);
$table->column('value', Table::TYPE_STRING, 1024);
$table->create();

// 从内存缓存中获取数据
$value = $table->get('key')['value'];
if ($value === false) {
    // 如果缓存中不存在该数据，则从文件中获取数据
    $value = file_get_contents('file.txt');
    // 将数据保存到内存缓存中
    $table->set('key', ['value' => $value]);
}

5. Using SO_REUSEPORT

In Swoole, you can use the SO_REUSEPORT option to enable port reuse to avoid port competition between multiple processes. , reduce memory consumption. The following is a sample code using the SO_REUSEPORT option:

<?php

$server = new SwooleServer('0.0.0.0', 9501, SWOOLE_PROCESS, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP);
$server->set([
    'worker_num' => 4,
    'enable_reuse_port' => true,
]);
$server->on('receive', function ($server, $fd, $reactor_id, $data) {
    $server->send($fd, 'Hello, World!');
});
$server->start();

6. Using the object pool

In Swoole development, if objects are frequently created and destroyed, excessive memory consumption will occur. You can use an object pool to manage the creation and destruction of objects to avoid wasting memory. The following is a sample code for using the object pool:

<?php

use SwooleCoroutineChannel;

class Connection
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        // 进行一些初始化操作
    }

    public function release()
    {
        // 将对象归还到对象池中
        Pool::getInstance()->push($this);
    }

    // 其他方法
}

class Pool
{
    private static $instance;
    private $pool;
    private $poolSize = 10;

    private function __construct()
    {
        $this->pool = new Channel($this->poolSize);
        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->poolSize; $i++) {
            $this->pool->push(new Connection());
        }
    }

    public function pop()
    {
        return $this->pool->pop();
    }

    public function push(Connection $connection)
    {
        $this->pool->push($connection);
    }

    public static function getInstance()
    {
        if (self::$instance === null) {
            self::$instance = new self();
        }

        return self::$instance;
    }
}

// 从对象池中获取一个连接对象
$connection = Pool::getInstance()->pop();

// 使用连接对象
$connection->doSomething();

// 将连接对象归还到对象池中
$connection->release();

Summary

In Swoole development, you need to pay attention to the memory consumption issue. Optimizing memory consumption can improve the performance of the program. This article introduces several techniques and experiences for optimizing memory consumption, including using coroutines, coroutine schedulers, coroutine pools, memory caches, SO_REUSEPORT options, and object pools. These skills and experiences help developers better use Swoole's features and improve application performance.

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