MVC
MVC with PHP(一)中的bug的问题是存在,最大的问题是日志系统的问题,等完成这这个介绍后我后把全部更正的程序源码打包出来,这里就暂时不做更改了.
先来看看在application.class.php中是如何建立controller实例的:
PHP代码:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* 执行函数
*
* 此类唯一对外的一个接口
**/
public function run()
{
$this->parsePath();
$this->checkSecurity($this->module, $this->action);
1. $controller = new $this->controllerClassName();
2. $controller->{$this->action}();
$this->writeLog($this->module, $this->action);
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Application这个类在实例后唯一可进行调用的一个函数,它根据用户的URL请求来分析得出所需要的Controller类名,然后实例化这个类(上面标1的地方),再调用从URL中获取的动作名称(上面标2的地方),
这个举一个简单的例子:
URL: http://localhost/?module=news&action=showList
Application通过分析这个URL重到controllerClassName=news, action=showList,然后它将在包含处理这个controller类的文件名(在Application->getControllerFile()中进行),然后实例化News这个
controller类(标1的地方), 随后调用它的动作showList(标2的地方).
来看看newsController.php中的内容:
=============================================================
PHP代码:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* FileName: newsController.php
* Introduce: 新闻控制类
*
* @author: 大师兄
* @Email: teacherli@163.com
* @version $Id$
* @copyright 2004-10-26
**/
include_once ("./controller/comm/controller.class.php");
include_once ("./model/news/newsModel.php");
class NewsController extends Controller
{
private $model;
/**
* 构造函数
*
**/
public function __construct()
{
parent::__construct();
$this->model = new NewsModel();
$this->setSmartyTemplate_dir("./view/news");
}
/**
* 显示新闻列表
*
**/
public function showList()
{
1. $newsList = & $this->model->getList();
2. $this->smarty->assign("newsList", $newsList);
3. unset($newsList);
4. $this->smarty->display("newsList.html");
}
}
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
==============================================================
首先,NewsController类继承自公共类Controller,在类进行初始化时产生一个NewsModel类,这个类是一个model类,由这个类负责新闻模块所有的对数据库的交互. parent::__construct()调用父类的构造函数,完成对view的控制类Smarty的初始化.$this->setSmartyTemplate_dir("./view/news")将模板目录定位在./view/news目录.
然后看我们上面的例子,请求URL为http://localhost/?module=news&actio...List,表示要调用
showList这个动作,看NewsController类的showList()成员函数:
1. $newsList = & $this->model->getList(): $this->model在NewsController初始化时建立,这一句要使用$this->model从数据库里提取出一个新闻列表,这个列表当然就是Smarty在操作循环块时需要的二维数组了,在NewsModel类中,它是采用ADODB回传的一个二维数组.
2. $this->smarty->assign("newsList", $newsList): 熟悉吧,smarty中循环块的程序控制
3. unset($newsList):考虑到效率问题,对于这些临时变量在使用完成后即时将它unset。
4. $this->smarty->display("newsList.html"):使用smarty来显示view.
大家看明白了吗?实际上controller类要做的事情就是这样:1.调用model从数据库取出记录 2.操
作Smarty显示view。
再来看看NewsController的父类Controller类的源码:
===========================================================
PHP代码:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* FileName: controller.class.php
* Introduce: Base class of controller
*
* @author: 李晓军
* @Email: teacherli@163.com
* @version $Id$
* @copyright 2004-10-26
**/
include_once ("./comm/smarty/Smarty.class.php");
include_once ("./comm/config.inc.php");
abstract class Controller
{
private $smarty;
/**
* 系统构建函数
* 初始化Smarty
**/
function __construct()
{
$this ->smarty = new Smarty();
$this->smarty->template_dir = "./view/templates";
$this->smarty->compile_dir = "./view/templates_c";
$this->smarty->cache_dir = "./view/cache";
$this->smarty->cache_lifetime = 60 * 60 * 24;
$this->smarty->caching = false;
$this->smarty->left_delimiter = " $this->smarty->right_delimiter = "}>";
}
/**
* 设置smarty模板路径
*
* @param string $template
**/
public function setSmartyTemplate_dir($template)
{
$this->smarty->template_dir = $template;
}
/**
* 设置smarty是否进行缓存
*
* @param boolean $cache
**/
public function setSmartyCache($cache = false)
{
$this->smarty->cache = $cache;
}
/**
* 设置smarty缓存时间
*
* @param string $cacheLifetime
**/
public function setSmartyCacheTime($cacheLifetime)
{
$this->smarty->cache_lifetime = $cacheLifetime;
}
/**
* 动作被执行后一个短暂的提示
*
* @param string $module 重新定向到的模块名称
* @param string $action 重新定向的动作名称
* @param string $params 参数名称
* @param string $message 提示信息
**/
public function redirect($module, $action, $params="", $message="动作已经被成功执
行")
{
$time = WAIT_FOR_TIME;
$params = ("" == $params) ? "" : "&$params";
$URL = "?module=" . $module . "&action=" . $action . $params;
//重新定Smarty模板目录至公用目录
$this->setSmartyTemplate_dir("./view/templates");
$this->smarty->assign("URL", $URL); //重定向的目录
$this->smarty->assign("message", $message); //提示信息
$this->smarty->assign("time", $time);
$this->smarty->display("wait.html");
}
/**
* 调用本类不存在的方法时进行的处理
*
* @param string $name
* @param string $parameter
**/
public function __call($name, $parameter)
{
throw new ActionNotAllowException("对不起,你所请求的动作 $name 没有定义
...
");
}
/**
* 析构函数
*
**/
public function __destruct()
{
unset($this->smarty);
}
}
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
==============================================
Controller是一个抽象类,也就是说它不可以直接使用new 来产生一个实例对象,在类的构造函数里产生一个Smarty类,并对其进行基本的设置。其它的几个函数是对Smarty对象进行设置的成员函数, 这里来看看这两个函数:
public function redirect($module, $action, $params="", $message="动作已经被成功执行"):
这是一个重新定向成员函数,它的作用是当我们对模块进行一些操作后给出的提示页面,然后经过设置好的时间自动重新定向到另一个位置,例如我们要对新闻进行一些删除,删除成功后我们要给用户返回这样一个页面,告诉用户操作已经成功,请待n秒后自动返回....这在论坛中是很常见的,这里我也引用了这样的策略。
public function __call($name, $parameter):
当类调用类没有声明的函数时使用这个函数进行处理,这可是个好东东,有了它,可以使用对程序
的控制更加简单了,大家可以试试这个方法....
好了,Controller 部分就谈到这里了。

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PHP and Python are both high-level programming languages that are widely used in web development, data processing and automation tasks. 1.PHP is often used to build dynamic websites and content management systems, while Python is often used to build web frameworks and data science. 2.PHP uses echo to output content, Python uses print. 3. Both support object-oriented programming, but the syntax and keywords are different. 4. PHP supports weak type conversion, while Python is more stringent. 5. PHP performance optimization includes using OPcache and asynchronous programming, while Python uses cProfile and asynchronous programming.

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PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP remains important in the modernization process because it supports a large number of websites and applications and adapts to development needs through frameworks. 1.PHP7 improves performance and introduces new features. 2. Modern frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony and CodeIgniter simplify development and improve code quality. 3. Performance optimization and best practices further improve application efficiency.

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PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values and handle functions that may return null values.


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