大家好
我决定在这里给大家讲述一些能够提高大家PHP代码效果的注意事项:
1、PHP标签
我知道有些人写PHP代码的时候喜欢用缩略标签— ?>,但是这可不是个好习惯,因为缩略标签在有些服务器上不能被正确识别,而标准的PHP标签的使用使你可以在任何一台服务器上准确编译你的PHP代码。可能有一天你需要把你的代码安装在那些不支持缩略标签的服务器上,于是你将不得不花费一个小时或者更多的时间老实的坐下来升级你的PHP代码
2、PHP代码的调试
有时我们运行PHP代码的时候会碰到问题并且我们不知道这问题究竟出在哪儿。而PHP中专门有个error_reporting() 函数,它可以告诉你你的代码中的每一处错误。如果你希望它显示页面的所有可能出现的错误信息,可以将下面这句代码放在文件的第二行:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
error_reporting(E_ALL);
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3、PHP代码的调试(补充)
如果你完成一个有1200行PHP代码的文件,并在浏览器中浏览它时,显示你的代码的错误出现在文件的第561行。此时你有个简单的方法来找到该行,按照以下步骤:
——新建一记事本
——把你的PHP代码复制进去
——“编辑”->“转到”
——输入“561”,回车
——你的鼠标就停留在561行了
——在该行附近看看是否存在错误
——修正错误,重新上传代码到你的空间,很可能将正常运行。如果还有什么错误,则重复以上步骤。
彷徨一小生 补充:现在大都用editplus之类的软件,这个方法过时了哦
4、使用注释
如果你的PHP代码有1200行,那么要搞明白它要做什么是一件很困难的事,解决这个问题的办法就是为你的代码加上注释。
PHP的注释不同于HTML中的 ,因为它将不被输出(以为着它们甚至不会被在“查看源文件”时看到)
有三中方法在PHP中添加注释:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 你的注释//
# 你的注释
/*你的注释 */
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
你可以按照你所希望的来装饰它们,你是唯一使用它们的人。
5、PHP代码的缩进
我个人其实不喜欢缩进PHP代码,但是它确实使代码易于阅读。当我不得不进行缩进时,我是用tab笺来进行的,如下:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Settings //
$var1 = "This";
// Showing Variables //
if($var1 == "This"){
echo"You said This";
}else{
echo"You said That";
}
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6、修正你的PHP文件包含方式
我确信这里的大部分人在一个文件中都会需要包含一个或两个其它的文件。有没有想过如果并不存在你所需要的那个文件怎么办?浏览你网页的人会否因此觉得你不够专业?
在我所写的PHP代码中,我在包含另外一个文件之前都会先确定它存在,如下例:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if(!file_exists("layout.inc.php")){exit("Error : LayOut File Missing");}else{include_once("layout.inc.php");}
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7、数据库查询
有时你的PHP代码中包含着于数据库的连接,你可能会遇到一些小麻烦,大部分容易出现数据库问题的人都是以这样的形式来写代码的:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mysql_query("INSERT INTO tableName ('id','name') VALUES('1','Mike')");
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
。。运行之后他发现数据并没有插入到数据库中,我们可以这样来解决这个问题:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mysql_query("INSERT INTO tableName ('id','name') VALUES('1','Mike')") or exit("MySQL Error : " . mysql_error());
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8、缩略类似IF-THEN的语句
假如你接收一个注册页面传递的数据,而你想保证所有信息都已填写,你可能会用包含很多IF-THEN格式的语句,象下面这个:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if(!$_POST[name]){exit("Sorry, but you did not fill-in all of the requested fields.");}
if(!$_POST[email]){exit("Sorry, but you did not fill-in all of the requested fields.");}
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
而实际上你可以通过合并这两行的IF-THEN语句使它只有一行:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if((!$_POST[name]) || (!$_POST[email])){exit("Sorry, but you did not fill-in all of the requested fields.");}
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
||和OR,&&和AND分别具有相同的意义。
9、使用echo还是print?
大部分人会说“echo和print是相同的”,我同意这个观点。不过echo的运行速度要比print快很多,并且比print少一个字母。echo命令比print出现得晚一些(我这样认为),显然你知道该如何选择了。
10、不时输入一大段HTML语言
我相信很多人都有解决这个的办法,但是我还是想和你说说解决这个的一些办法。
⑴、输入PHP的结束标签,然后就可以随意的输入HTML代码,然后再PHP的开始标签(我不喜欢这样做,因为它看起来很不专业)。
⑵、在每句HTML代码中都加入反斜线(这样是可行的,但是你一直要这样—每一句都要)。
⑶、使用echo或者print命令,仅此而已(推荐):
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Showing a huge chunk of HTML at a time //
echoLarge, Orange Text in Font Size 3
More HTML down here..
END;
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
实际上我还有很多其它的关于修饰PHP代码的东西想说,但是就这样吧,我不想继续烦大家了。
希望对大家有所帮助。
Best Regards,
- Mike.

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