What are the commonly used commands for Linux operation and maintenance?

Commonly used commands for Linux operation and maintenance include: 1. ls, lists the files and folders in the current directory; 2. cd, switches the current directory; 3. pwd, displays the full path of the current working directory; 4. mkdir, create a new directory; 5. rmdir, delete an empty directory; 6. rm, delete files or directories; 7. cp, copy files or directories; 8. mv, move files or directories; 9. touch, change files Timestamp or create new files; 10. find, find files or directories; 11. grep, etc.

What are the commonly used commands for Linux operation and maintenance? This is a very broad topic involving Linux all aspects of the system. Here, I try to compile some common operation and maintenance commands to meet daily use. It is important to note that these commands may not be absolute, as Linux The system is very flexible and can be customized according to the user's needs. But the commands listed here should be available on most Linux systems and will be of great help to operation and maintenance work.

First, let’s take a look at file and directory operation commands. These commands are mainly used to manage files and directories in the system:

1. ls: List the files and folders in the current directory.

2. cd: Switch the current directory.

3. pwd: Displays the full path of the current working directory.

4. mkdir: Create a new directory.

5. rmdir: Delete an empty directory.

6. rm: Delete files or directories.

7. cp: Copy files or directories.

8. mv: move files or directories.

9. Touch: Change the timestamp of the file or create a new file.

10. Find: Find files or directories.

11. grep: Search for the specified text in the file.

12. sed: stream editor, used to process text files.

13. awk: Text analysis tool, used for pattern scanning and processing in text files.

14. cat: Display file content.

15. more: Display file content in split screen.

16. less: Display file contents in split screen (more advanced more command).

17. tail: View the content at the end of the file.

18. head: View the file header content.

19. wc: counts the number of lines, words and bytes of the file.

20. du: Statistics of disk usage of files and directories.

21. df: Display disk space usage.

22. ln: Create a link to a file or directory.

23. chmod: Change the permissions of a file or directory.

24. chown: Change the owner of a file or directory.

25. chgrp: Change the group to which a file or directory belongs.

Next, let’s look at text processing commands. These commands are mainly used to process text files:

1. cat: displays the file content.

2. more: Display file content in split screen.

3. less: Display file contents in split screen (more advanced more command).

4. tail: View the content at the end of the file.

5. head: View the file header content.

6. wc: counts the number of lines, words and bytes of the file.

7. Sort: Sort the file contents.

8. uniq: delete duplicate lines in the file.

9. diff: Compare the differences between two files.

10. patch: apply patch file.

11. grep: Search for the specified text in the file.

12. sed: stream editor, used to process text files.

13. awk: Text analysis tool, used for pattern scanning and processing in text files.

14. perl: A powerful text processing tool that can perform various complex text processing tasks.

15. Python: a high-level programming language that can also be used for text processing.

Then, let’s take a look at the system management commands. These commands are mainly used to manage the system:

1. top: Display process status in real time.

2. ps: Check the process status.

3. kill: terminate the process.

4. ifconfig: Displays the configuration information of the network interface.

5. Ping: Test network connection.

6. Traceroute: Displays the path of the data packet on the network.

7. netstat: Display network status information.

8. route: Display and operate IP routing table.

9. hosts: Displays the mapping between host names and IP addresses.

10. DHCP: Configure Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.

11. shutdown: Shut down or restart the system.

12. Reboot: Restart the system.

13. passwd: Change user password.

14. useradd: Add user.

15. userdel: Delete the user.

16. groupadd: Add user group.

17. groupdel: Delete user group.

18. su: Switch users.

19. sudo: execute commands as other users.

20. chroot: change the root directory.

21. tar: Pack and decompress files.

22. gzip: compressed files.

23. unzip: Unzip the file.

24. df: Display disk space usage.

25. du: Statistics of disk usage of files and directories.

Finally, let’s look at file permissions and ownership commands. These commands are mainly used to change file permissions and ownership:

1. chmod: Change the permissions of a file or directory.

2. chown: Change the owner of a file or directory.

3. chgrp: Change the group to which a file or directory belongs.

The above are some commonly used Linux commands.

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