Best Practices for Docker Compose, Nginx, and MariaDB: Monitoring and Optimizing Deployed PHP Applications

Best Practices for Docker Compose, Nginx, and MariaDB: Monitoring and Optimization of Deployed PHP Applications

Introduction:
In modern application development, containers Transformation has become a popular way to help us better manage and deploy applications. Docker Compose is a tool for defining and running multiple containers, which simplifies the application deployment and management process. This article will introduce how to use Docker Compose combined with Nginx and MariaDB to deploy and optimize PHP applications, and give specific code examples.

1. Preparation work:
   Before starting, make sure Docker and Docker Compose have been installed, and obtain the PHP image.
2. Create a Docker Compose file:
   Create a file named docker-compose.yml and define the configuration of the container in the file. Here is an example:

version: '3'
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    volumes:
      - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    depends_on:
      - php
  php:
    image: php:7.4-fpm
    volumes:
      - ./php.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
      - ./app:/var/www/html
    depends_on:
      - mariadb
  mariadb:
    image: mariadb
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456
    volumes:
      - ./data:/var/lib/mysql

In this example, we define three services: nginx, php and mariadb. The nginx service will listen to port 80 of the host and forward the request to the php service for processing. The php service uses the php:7.4-fpm image and mounts the php.ini and application file directories. The mariadb service uses the mariadb mirror, sets the root password of the database, and mounts the data directory.

3. Configuring Nginx:
   In the previous step, we have defined the Nginx service and mounted a configuration file named nginx.conf. We need to create this file on the host machine and configure it in the file. The following is a simple nginx.conf configuration example:

worker_processes auto;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
    # 其他配置项省略
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        root /var/www/html;
        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
        }
        location ~ .php$ {
            fastcgi_pass php:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
        }
    }
}

In this example, we configure the number of Nginx worker processes, the number of event connections, and the http service. In the server block, we defined the method of listening to port 80, setting the root directory and processing PHP scripts. Pay attention to modify the fastcgi_pass directive to the container address of the PHP service.

4. Configuring MariaDB:
   In the previous step, we have defined the MariaDB service and set the root password. When connecting to the database in your application, you need to use the correct address and password. The following is an example of PHP code to connect to MariaDB:

<?php
$host = 'mariadb';
$user = 'root';
$password = '123456';
$database = 'mydb';

$conn = new mysqli($host, $user, $password, $database);

if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

echo "Connected successfully";

$conn->close();
?>

In this example, we used mariadb as the hostname and the root password defined earlier.

5. Start the container:
   After completing the above configuration, we can use the following command to start the container:

docker-compose up -d

This command will start all defined services and Runs in the background.

6. Monitoring and optimization:
   After deploying PHP applications through Docker Compose, monitoring and optimization are also very important parts. The following are some commonly used monitoring and optimization methods:

• Use the docker stats command to check the resource usage of each container, and you can find abnormalities and performance bottlenecks in time.
• Use the docker-compose logs command to view the log information of the container to quickly locate errors and problems.
• Use monitoring tools, such as Prometheus and Grafana, to collect and display application performance indicators so that timely measures can be taken.
• For the optimization of PHP applications, you can consider using caching mechanisms, optimizing database queries, adjusting PHP configuration parameters and other methods.

Conclusion:
This article introduces how to use Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB to deploy and optimize PHP applications, giving specific code examples. Through containerized deployment, we can easily manage and expand applications, and improve application performance and stability through monitoring and optimization. I hope this article helps you when deploying PHP applications.

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