Use PHP-FPM tips to improve website performance

Use PHP-FPM tips to improve website performance

As the complexity of web applications and the number of users increase, optimizing website performance becomes increasingly important. important. PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) is a tool for managing PHP processes. It can help us effectively improve the performance and throughput of the website.

In this article, we will introduce some tips for using PHP-FPM to help you better optimize and improve your website performance.

1. Configure PHP-FPM pool

PHP-FPM manages the process pool through configuration files. You can modify the default configuration by editing the php-fpm.conf file. Here are some common configuration parameters that can be adjusted to suit your needs:

pm.max_children - Defines the maximum number of child processes in the process pool. Depending on your server configuration and load, adjusting this value appropriately can improve performance.

pm.start_servers - Defines the initial number of child processes at startup. Set to an appropriate value to speed up startup time.

pm.min_spare_servers and pm.max_spare_servers - define the minimum and maximum number of idle child processes. Depending on your load, adjusting these values ​​can avoid processes being idle for too long or not enough.

2. Using OPcache

OPcache is a built-in PHP code caching tool officially provided by PHP. By enabling and configuring OPcache, the execution speed of PHP scripts can be greatly improved. Here are some configuration suggestions:

opcache.enable - Enables OPcache.

opcache.memory_consumption - Defines the memory consumption of OPcache. Increasing this value appropriately can improve caching effectiveness, but be sure not to exceed the memory available to the server.

opcache.max_accelerated_files - Defines the maximum number of accelerated files. Setting this value to a higher amount increases cache coverage.

3. Use caching technology

By using caching technology, the number of database queries and file reads can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the response speed of the website. Here are some common caching technologies and usage examples:

Memcached - Memcached is a distributed memory object caching system. You can use PHP's Memcached extension to connect to and operate a Memcached server. The sample code is as follows:

$memcached = new Memcached();
$memcached->addServer('127.0.0.1', 11211);

$key = 'cache-key';
$data = $memcached->get($key);
if ($data === false) {
    $data = fetchDataFromDatabase(); // 从数据库获取数据
    $memcached->set($key, $data, 3600); // 将数据缓存到Memcached中，有效期为1小时
}

// 使用$data进行后续操作

Redis - Redis is also a high-performance in-memory key-value database. You can use PHP's Redis extension to connect to and operate a Redis server. The sample code is as follows:

$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);

$key = 'cache-key';
$data = $redis->get($key);
if ($data === false) {
    $data = fetchDataFromDatabase(); // 从数据库获取数据
    $redis->set($key, $data, 3600); // 将数据缓存到Redis中，有效期为1小时
}

// 使用$data进行后续操作

4. Multi-level caching strategy

For some popular pages and frequently accessed data, you can use a multi-level caching strategy to improve performance. For example, you can cache static content on a CDN, dynamic content in Redis or Memcached, and use local file caching.

By using this multi-level caching strategy, the number of database queries and code executions can be reduced, thereby greatly improving the performance and response speed of the website.

Summary

By using PHP-FPM techniques to optimize website performance, the performance and throughput of the website can be greatly improved. By properly adjusting the configuration of PHP-FPM, enabling and configuring OPcache, using caching technology, and implementing multi-level caching strategies, you can effectively reduce the number of database queries and file reads, and improve the server's response speed and processing capabilities.

However, it is necessary to choose an appropriate optimization strategy based on the actual situation and load, and test and monitor it to ensure that it will not affect the user experience and website availability.

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