How to write a simple online course management system through PHP

How to write a simple online course management system through PHP

Introduction:
With the development of the Internet, online education has attracted more and more attention. The online course management system provides educational institutions with a platform for convenient management and communication. This article will introduce how to use PHP to write a simple online course management system and give specific code examples.

1. Requirements analysis:
We need to design an online course management system, which mainly includes the following functions:

1. Student management: including the entry, modification, deletion and Inquiry and other operations;
2. Course management: including the entry, modification, deletion and inquiry of course information;
3. Teacher management: including the entry, modification, deletion and inquiry of teacher information;
4. Course selection management: students can choose the courses they are interested in, and teachers can view the courses and student lists they teach;
5. System management: including administrator identity verification, permission management, etc.

2. Database design:
In order to realize the above functions, we need to design the corresponding database structure. Here we choose to use the MySQL database and create the following tables:

1. Students table: stores basic information of students, such as student ID, name, email, etc.;
2. Course schedule (courses): stores course information, such as course number, name, teacher, etc.;
3. Teachers table (teachers): stores teacher information, such as teacher number, name, email, etc.;
4. Course selection table (courses_students): stores student course selection information, such as student ID, course number, etc.;
5. Administrator table (admin): stores administrator information, such as user name, password, etc.

3. PHP development:

1. Connecting to the database:
   First, in the PHP code, we need to connect to the MySQL database. This can be achieved using database extensions such as mysqli or PDO. The following is a sample code to connect to the database:

   $conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
   if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("连接数据库失败：" . $conn->connect_error);
   }

2. Student management:
   Student management functions include operations such as entry, modification, deletion and query of student information. The following is a code example of the student management function:

   // 添加学生
   $sql = "INSERT INTO students (student_id, student_name, student_email) VALUES ('001', '张三', 'zhangsan@example.com')";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 修改学生信息
   $sql = "UPDATE students SET student_name='李四' WHERE student_id='001'";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 删除学生
   $sql = "DELETE FROM students WHERE student_id='001'";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 查询学生
   $sql = "SELECT * FROM students";
   $result = $conn->query($sql);
   while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
    echo "学号：" . $row["student_id"] . "，姓名：" . $row["student_name"] . "，邮箱：" . $row["student_email"] . "<br>";
   }

3. Course management:
   The course management function includes operations such as entry, modification, deletion and query of course information. The following is a code example of the course management function:

   // 添加课程
   $sql = "INSERT INTO courses (course_id, course_name, teacher) VALUES ('001', '数学', '王老师')";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 修改课程信息
   $sql = "UPDATE courses SET course_name='语文' WHERE course_id='001'";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 删除课程
   $sql = "DELETE FROM courses WHERE course_id='001'";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 查询课程
   $sql = "SELECT * FROM courses";
   $result = $conn->query($sql);
   while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
    echo "课程编号：" . $row["course_id"] . "，课程名称：" . $row["course_name"] . "，教师：" . $row["teacher"] . "<br>";
   }

4. Teacher management:
   The teacher management function includes operations such as entry, modification, deletion and query of teacher information. The following is a code example for the teacher management function:

   // 添加教师
   $sql = "INSERT INTO teachers (teacher_id, teacher_name, teacher_email) VALUES ('001', '王老师', 'wang@example.com')";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 修改教师信息
   $sql = "UPDATE teachers SET teacher_name='李老师' WHERE teacher_id='001'";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 删除教师
   $sql = "DELETE FROM teachers WHERE teacher_id='001'";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 查询教师
   $sql = "SELECT * FROM teachers";
   $result = $conn->query($sql);
   while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
    echo "教师编号：" . $row["teacher_id"] . "，教师姓名：" . $row["teacher_name"] . "，教师邮箱：" . $row["teacher_email"] . "<br>";
   }

5. Course selection management:
   The course selection management function includes operations such as student selection and teacher viewing of student lists. The following is a code example for the course selection management function:

   // 学生选课
   $sql = "INSERT INTO courses_students (student_id, course_id) VALUES ('001', '001')";
   $conn->query($sql);
   
   // 教师查看学生列表
   $sql = "SELECT students.student_id, students.student_name, courses.course_name FROM students, courses, courses_students WHERE students.student_id = courses_students.student_id AND courses.course_id = courses_students.course_id AND courses.teacher = '王老师'";
   $result = $conn->query($sql);
   while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
    echo "学号：" . $row["student_id"] . "，姓名：" . $row["student_name"] . "，课程名称：" . $row["course_name"] . "<br>";
   }

6. System management:
   The system management function includes operations such as administrator authentication and permission management. The following is a code example of the system management function:

   // 管理员身份验证
   $sql = "SELECT * FROM admin WHERE username='admin' AND password='123456'";
   $result = $conn->query($sql);
   if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
    echo "登录成功";
   } else {
    echo "用户名或密码错误";
   }
   
   // 权限管理
   // 例如，只有管理员身份才能删除学生信息
   $sql = "DELETE FROM students WHERE student_id='001'";
   $conn->query($sql);

Conclusion:
By writing a simple online course management system in PHP, we can implement student management, course management, teacher management, Course selection management and system management functions. The above code examples can help you understand and implement these functions. Of course, this is just a simple example and you can expand and optimize it according to your actual needs. I hope this article can help you write an online course management system.

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