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How to build a real-time chat app with React and WebSocket

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2023-09-26 19:46:431211browse

How to build a real-time chat app with React and WebSocket

How to use React and WebSocket to build a real-time chat application

Introduction:
With the rapid development of the Internet, real-time communication has attracted more and more attention. Live chat apps have become an integral part of modern social and work life. This article will introduce how to build a simple real-time chat application using React and WebSocket, and provide specific code examples.

1. Technical preparation
Before starting to build a real-time chat application, we need to prepare the following technologies and tools:

  1. React: a JavaScript library for building user interfaces.
  2. WebSocket: A TCP-based protocol used for real-time communication between clients and servers.
  3. Node.js: A JavaScript running environment based on the Chrome V8 engine.
  4. Express.js: A simple and flexible Node.js web application framework.
  5. Socket.IO: A WebSocket-based library for real-time two-way communication.

2. Project settings

  1. Create React application
    Use the create-react-app command on the command line to create a new React application:

    npx create-react-app chat-app
  2. Installing dependencies
    Enter the project directory and install the following dependencies:

    cd chat-app
    npm install socket.io-client express

3. Server settings

  1. Create server file
    Create a file called server.js and add the following code:

    const express = require('express');
    const http = require('http');
    const app = express();
    const server = http.createServer(app);
    const io = require('socket.io')(server);
    
    io.on('connection', (socket) => {
      console.log('a user connected');
    
      socket.on('disconnect', () => {
     console.log('user disconnected');
      });
    
      socket.on('chat message', (msg) => {
     io.emit('chat message', msg);
      });
    });
    
    server.listen(4000, () => {
      console.log('listening on *:4000');
    });
  2. Start the server
    Run in the command line The following command starts the server:

    node server.js

4. Client settings

  1. Create chat component
    Create a file named Chat in the src directory .js file and add the following code:

    import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
    import io from 'socket.io-client';
    
    const socket = io('http://localhost:4000');
    
    const Chat = () => {
      const [messages, setMessages] = useState([]);
      const [message, setMessage] = useState('');
    
      useEffect(() => {
     socket.on('chat message', (msg) => {
       setMessages([...messages, msg]);
     });
      }, [messages]);
    
      const handleSendMessage = () => {
     socket.emit('chat message', message);
     setMessage('');
      };
    
      return (
     <div>
       <div>
         {messages.map((msg, index) => (
           <p key={index}>{msg}</p>
         ))}
       </div>
       <input
         type="text"
         value={message}
         onChange={(e) => setMessage(e.target.value)}
       />
       <button onClick={handleSendMessage}>Send</button>
     </div>
      );
    };
    
    export default Chat;
  2. Using the chat component in App.js
    In the App.js file in the src directory, add the following code to In the original code:

    import React from 'react';
    import Chat from './Chat';
    
    const App = () => {
      return (
     <div>
       <h1>Real-time Chat Application</h1>
       <Chat />
     </div>
      );
    };
    
    export default App;
  3. Run the application
    Run the following command in the command line to start the React application:

    npm start

5. Test Application
Open http://localhost:3000 in the browser, and you can see a simple real-time chat interface. Enter a message in the input box and click the send button to send the message and display it on the chat interface in real time.

Conclusion:
This article introduces how to build a real-time chat application using React and WebSocket. By using React to build the front-end interface and communicating in real time through WebSocket, we can easily build a simple real-time chat application. I hope this article helps you understand how to build a real-time chat application.

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