How to implement graph cut point algorithm using java

How to use java to implement the cut-point algorithm of graphs requires specific code examples

Graphs are one of the important concepts in discrete mathematics. Through the representation of graphs, they can be described Relationships and connections that arise in a variety of real-world problems. In graph-related algorithms, finding the cut points of a graph is a challenging problem. The cut point of a graph is also called a joint point or a cut top. It means that in an undirected connected graph, if a vertex and all the edges associated with the vertex are removed, the original graph is no longer connected. This vertex is called a cut point.

This article will introduce how to use the Java programming language to implement the graph cut point algorithm and provide specific code examples. First, we need to define the data structure of a graph. The following is a simple graph class example:

import java.util.*;

class Graph {
    private int V; // 顶点的数量
    private LinkedList<Integer> adj[]; // 邻接表形式的图

    // 构造函数，初始化图
    Graph(int v) {
        V = v;
        adj = new LinkedList[v];
        for (int i=0; i<v; ++i)
            adj[i] = new LinkedList();
    }

    // 添加边到图中
    void addEdge(int v, int w) {
        adj[v].add(w);
        adj[w].add(v);
    }

    // 递归函数，实现割点算法
    void cutVertexUtil(int u, boolean visited[], int disc[], int low[], int parent[], boolean ap[]) {
        int children = 0;
        visited[u] = true;
        disc[u] = low[u] = ++time;

        Iterator<Integer> i = adj[u].iterator();
        while (i.hasNext()) {
            int v = i.next();
            if (!visited[v]) {
                children++;
                parent[v] = u;
                cutVertexUtil(v, visited, disc, low, parent, ap);
                low[u]  = Math.min(low[u], low[v]);

                if (parent[u] == -1 && children > 1)
                    ap[u] = true;

                if (parent[u] != -1 && low[v] >= disc[u])
                    ap[u] = true;
            }
            else if (v != parent[u])
                low[u]  = Math.min(low[u], disc[v]);
        }
    }

    // 割点算法的主函数
    void cutVertices() {
        boolean visited[] = new boolean[V];
        int disc[] = new int[V];
        int low[] = new int[V];
        int parent[] = new int[V];
        boolean ap[] = new boolean[V]; // 记录割点

        for (int i = 0; i < V; i++) {
            parent[i] = -1;
            visited[i] = false;
            ap[i] = false;
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < V; i++)
            if (visited[i] == false)
                cutVertexUtil(i, visited, disc, low, parent, ap);

        System.out.println("割点：");
        for (int i = 0; i < V; i++)
            if (ap[i] == true)
                System.out.print(i+" ");
        System.out.println();
    }

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Graph g1 = new Graph(5);
        g1.addEdge(1, 0);
        g1.addEdge(0, 2);
        g1.addEdge(2, 1);
        g1.addEdge(0, 3);
        g1.addEdge(3, 4);
        System.out.println("以下是图g1中的割点：");
        g1.cutVertices();

        Graph g2 = new Graph(4);
        g2.addEdge(0, 1);
        g2.addEdge(1, 2);
        g2.addEdge(2, 3);
        System.out.println("以下是图g2中的割点：");
        g2.cutVertices();

        Graph g3 = new Graph(7);
        g3.addEdge(0, 1);
        g3.addEdge(1, 2);
        g3.addEdge(2, 0);
        g3.addEdge(1, 3);
        g3.addEdge(1, 4);
        g3.addEdge(1, 6);
        g3.addEdge(3, 5);
        g3.addEdge(4, 5);
        System.out.println("以下是图g3中的割点：");
        g3.cutVertices();
    }
}

In this code example, we create a Graph class to represent the graph and store it in the form of an adjacency list. The edges of the graph. In the implementation of the cut point algorithm, we use the depth-first search traversal method and use some auxiliary arrays to record the access status, discovery time, the earliest visited ancestor node, and mark the cut point. By calling the cutVertices() function, you can find the cut points in the graph and output the index of the cut points.

The main function in the code example demonstrates how to use this cut point algorithm to find cut points in a given graph. You can modify the size of the graph and the connection relationships of edges as needed, and run the code to view the output.

To summarize, this article introduces how to use Java to implement the cut-point algorithm of graphs and provides specific code examples. I hope this article can help readers understand the graph cut point algorithm and make corresponding adjustments and uses in practical applications.

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