译者注:本文原名《Site Navigation with PHP》,原文详述了如何用PHP编程来做出效果理想的网页导航条,本文只选译了其中的部分文章,所选取的部分是文章精髓之所在,只要大家能弄懂这部分内容就可以用同样的原理、思想做出我们需要的效果来,希望给读者能起到抛砖引玉的作用。本文只需要读者具备PHP、HTML的初步知识就可以基本读懂了。
译 文:如大家所知PHP对于用数据库驱动的网站(making database-driven sites)来讲可谓功能强大,可是我们是否可以用它来做点其他事情呢?PHP给了我们所有我们期望的工具:for与while的循环结构、数学运算等等,还可以通过两种方式来引用文件:直接引用或向服务器提出申请。其实何止这些,让我们来看一个如何用它来做导航条的例子:完整的原代码:
$full_path = getenv("REQUEST_URI");
$root = dirname($full_path);$page_file = basename($full_path);$page_num = substr($page_file, strrpos($page_file, "_") 1, strpos($page_file, ".html") - (strrpos($page_file, "_") 1));
$partial_path = substr($page_file, 0, strrpos($page_file, "_"));
$prev_page_file = $partial_path . "_" . (string)($page_num-1) . ".html";$next_page_file = $partial_path . "_" . (string)($page_num 1) . ".html";
$prev_exists = file_exists($prev_page_file);$next_exists = file_exists($next_page_file);
if ($prev_exists)
{ print "previous";if ($next_exists)
{ print " | ";} if ($next_exists)
{ print "next";}
?>//原程序完。
代码分析:OK! 前面做了足够的铺垫工作,现在让我们来看看如何来用PHP来完成这项工作:
$full_path = getenv("REQUEST_URI");
$root = dirname($full_path);$page_file = basename($full_path);
/* PHP函数getenv()用来取得环境变量的值,REQUEST_URI的值是紧跟在主机名后的部分URL,假如URL是http://www.yourmom.com/dinner/tuna_1.html, 那它的值就为/dinner/tuna_1.html. 现在我们将得到的那部分URL放在变量$full_path中,再用dirname()函数来从URL中抓取文件目录,用basename()函数取得文件名,用上面的例子来讲dirname()返回值:/dinner/;basename()返回:tuna_1.html.接下来的部分相对有些技巧,假如我们的文件名以story_x的格式命名,其中x代表页码,我们需要从中将我们使用的页码抽出来。当然文件名不一定只有一位数字的模式或只有一个下划线,它可以是tuna_2.html,同样它还可以叫做tuna_234.html甚至是candy_apple_3.html,而我们真正想要的就是位于最后一个“_”和“。html”之间的东东。可采用如下方法:*/ $page_num = substr($page_file, strrpos($page_file, "_") 1, strpos($page_file, ".html") - (strrpos($page_file, "_") 1));/* substr($string, $start,[$length] )函数给了我们字符串$string中从$start开始、长为$length或到末尾的字串(方括号中的参数是可选项,如果省略$length,substr就会返回给我们从$start开始直到字符串末尾的字符串),正如每一个优秀的C程序员告诉你的那样,代表字符串开始的位置开始的数字是“0”而不是“1”。
函数strrpos($string, $what)告诉我们字符串$what在变量$string中最后一次出现的位置,我们可以通过它找出文件名中最后一个下划线的位置在哪,同理,接着的strpos($string, $what)告诉我们“。html”首次出现的位置。我们通过运用这三个函数取得在最后一个“_”和“。html”之间的数字(代码中的strpos() 1代表越过“_”自己)。
剩下的部分很简单,首先为上页和下页构造文件名:*/ $partial_path = substr($page_file, 0, strrpos($page_file, "_"));
$prev_page_file = $partial_path . "_" . (string)($page_num-1) . ".html";$next_page_file = $partial_path . "_" . (string)($page_num 1) . ".html";
/*(string)($page_num 1)将数学运算$page_num 1的结果转化为字符串类型,这样就可以用来与其他字串最终连接成为我们需要的文件名。
*/ /*现在检查文件是否存在(这段代码假设所有的文件都位于同样的目录下),并最终给出构成页面导航栏的HTML代码。
*/ $prev_exists = file_exists($prev_page_file);$next_exists = file_exists($next_page_file);
if ($prev_exists)
{ print "previous";if ($next_exists)
{ print " | ";} if ($next_exists)
{ print "next";}
?>

PHP is a server-side scripting language used for dynamic web development and server-side applications. 1.PHP is an interpreted language that does not require compilation and is suitable for rapid development. 2. PHP code is embedded in HTML, making it easy to develop web pages. 3. PHP processes server-side logic, generates HTML output, and supports user interaction and data processing. 4. PHP can interact with the database, process form submission, and execute server-side tasks.

PHP has shaped the network over the past few decades and will continue to play an important role in web development. 1) PHP originated in 1994 and has become the first choice for developers due to its ease of use and seamless integration with MySQL. 2) Its core functions include generating dynamic content and integrating with the database, allowing the website to be updated in real time and displayed in personalized manner. 3) The wide application and ecosystem of PHP have driven its long-term impact, but it also faces version updates and security challenges. 4) Performance improvements in recent years, such as the release of PHP7, enable it to compete with modern languages. 5) In the future, PHP needs to deal with new challenges such as containerization and microservices, but its flexibility and active community make it adaptable.

The core benefits of PHP include ease of learning, strong web development support, rich libraries and frameworks, high performance and scalability, cross-platform compatibility, and cost-effectiveness. 1) Easy to learn and use, suitable for beginners; 2) Good integration with web servers and supports multiple databases; 3) Have powerful frameworks such as Laravel; 4) High performance can be achieved through optimization; 5) Support multiple operating systems; 6) Open source to reduce development costs.

PHP is not dead. 1) The PHP community actively solves performance and security issues, and PHP7.x improves performance. 2) PHP is suitable for modern web development and is widely used in large websites. 3) PHP is easy to learn and the server performs well, but the type system is not as strict as static languages. 4) PHP is still important in the fields of content management and e-commerce, and the ecosystem continues to evolve. 5) Optimize performance through OPcache and APC, and use OOP and design patterns to improve code quality.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on the project requirements. 1) PHP is suitable for web development, easy to learn, rich community resources, but the syntax is not modern enough, and performance and security need to be paid attention to. 2) Python is suitable for data science and machine learning, with concise syntax and easy to learn, but there are bottlenecks in execution speed and memory management.

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.


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