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How to check if an array is a subset of another array using JavaScript?

王林
王林forward
2023-09-17 11:37:022144browse

如何使用 JavaScript 检查一个数组是否是另一个数组的子集？

The first array is a subset of the second array if the second array contains all elements of the first array. So sometimes we may need to check if one array is a subset of another array.

In this tutorial, we will learn to use three different methods to check if an array is a subset of another array.

Use for loop and array.includes() method

Users can use a for loop to iterate each element of the first array. Afterwards, they can use the includes() method to check if the second array contains every element of the first array.

The first array is a subset of the second array if the second array contains all elements of the first array.

grammar

Users can use the for loop and the includes() method according to the following syntax to determine whether an array is a subset of another array. 

for (let ele of array1) {
   if (!array2.includes(ele)) {
      return false;
   }
}

In the above syntax, we check whether array1 is a subset of array2.

algorithm

  • Step 1 - We will check if array1 is a subset of array2.

  • Step 2 - Use for-of to loop through each element of the array.

  • Step 3 - Use the array.includes() method to check whether each element of array1 is included in array2.

  • Step 4 - Return false if any single element in array1 is not contained in array2.

  • Step 5 - If array2 contains all elements of array1, the for-loop iteration will succeed and return true .

Example

We created three arrays containing different values ​​in the example below. We created the isSubset() function which accepts two arrays as parameters. This function checks whether array1 is a subset of array2 and returns a Boolean value based on that result.

We are checking if array2 and array3 are subsets of array1. The user can observe the results in the output. 

<html>
<body>
   <h3>Using the <i>for loop and includes() method</i> to determine if one array is a subset of another array.</h3>
   <p id = "output"> </p>
   <script>
      let output = document.getElementById("output");
      let array1 = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90];
      let array2 = [20, 30, 70, 80];
      let array3 = [20, 43, 45];
      function isSubset(array1, array2) {
         // Iterating through all the elements of array1
         for (let ele of array1) {
            // check if array2 contains the element of array1
            if (!array2.includes(ele)) {
               output.innerHTML += "The " + array1 + " is not a subset of " + array2 + "<br>";
               return false;
            }
         }
         output.innerHTML += "The " + array1 + " is a subset of " + array2 + "<br>";
         // If array1 contains all elements of array2 return true
         return true;
      }
      isSubset(array2, array1);
      isSubset(array3, array1)
   </script>
</body>
</html>

Use array.some() and array.indexOf() methods

The

array.some() method takes a callback function as parameter, which returns a Boolean value based on at least one element of the reference array that meets the condition.

array.indexOf() method returns the index of the element if the element exists in the array; otherwise, -1 is returned. So if we find that any element in the first array has index -1 in the second array, it means that the first array is not a subset of the second array.

grammar

Users can use the array.some() and array.indexOf() methods according to the following syntax to check whether an array is a subset of another array. 

let isSubset = !data2.some((string) => data1.indexOf(string) == -1);

In the above syntax, if the some() method returns true, the data1 array is not a subset of data2. Therefore, we store its opposite boolean value in the isSubset variable.

Example

The following example contains two string arrays and checks whether the data1 array is a subset of the data2 array. The data1 array contains all elements of data2. Therefore, the user can see in the output that the data2 array is a subset of data1. 



   
Using the array.some() and array.indexOf() method to check if one array is a subset of another.

   

   <script>
      let output = document.getElementById("output");
      let data1 = ["Hello", "Hi", "Users"];
      let data2 = ["Hello", "Users"];
      let isSubset = !data2.some((string) =&gt; data1.indexOf(string) == -1);
      if (isSubset) {
         output.innerHTML += "The " + data2 + " is a subset of " + data1 + " array. <br>";
      } else {
         output.innerHTML += "The " + data2 + " is not a subset of " + data1 + " array. <br>";
      }
   </script>

Use array.every() method and set()

The array.every() method will return true if each element meets the conditions returned by the callback function.

We can create a set() of all array elements because the set contains unique array elements.

grammar

Use the set and every() methods according to the syntax below. 

let setOfArray = new Set(num1);
let result = num2.every(num => setOfArray.has(num));

Example

In the following example, we create a collection of all elements of the num1 array. After that, we use the has() method of javascript set to check whether the set contains each element of the num2 array. 

<html>
<body>
   <h3>Using the <i>array.every() method and set</i> to check if one array is a subset of another array.</h3>
   <p id="output"></p>
   <button onclick="checkForSubset()">Check for subset</button>
   <script>
      let output = document.getElementById("output");
      let num1 = [45, 65, 45, true, false, 45, 43, 32];
      let num2 = [false, true, false, true];
      function checkForSubset() {
         // create a set of the parent array
         let setOfArray = new Set(num1);
         // Check if every element of the child array is in the set of the parent array
         let result = num2.every(num => setOfArray.has(num));
         if (result) {
            output.innerHTML += "The " + num2 + " is a subset of " + num1 + " array. <br>";
         } else {
            output.innerHTML += "The " + num2 + " is not a subset of " + num1 + " array. <br>";
         }
      }
   </script>
</body>
</html>

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