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In this day and age, when you right-click on any web page, a list pops up with some options and features. This pop-up menu is also called the context menu, which is the default pop-up menu provided by the browser. The items in this menu list will vary between browsers. Some browsers offer more features, while others offer limited features.
But here is a way to add a custom context menu or right-click menu to your web pages, with as many options as you want. But before you can add a custom context menu, you need to change the behavior of the default right-click on a web page, which opens the default context menu. Adding a custom context menu involves the following two steps:
Change the default behavior of showing the default right-click menu.
Add our own custom context menu and display it on the web page with a right mouse click.
Let us now understand the above two steps in detail step by step through actual code examples.
In order to show our custom context menu when right-clicking on a web page, first we need to remove or hide the default context menu by assigning a function containing the preventDefault() method to document.oncontextmenu event to change the default behavior of right-click, which calls this function when the user right-clicks on the web page.
Let's discuss the actual implementation of the default behavior that prevents hiding of the default context menu.
Step One − In the first step, we will create an HTML document and create a web page to test our code.
Step 2 - In this step, we will add the oncontextmenu event in the HTML document because the menu will pop up when right clicking on the entire web page.
Step 3 - In the final step, we will define a JavaScript function with a preventDefault() method or return false; statement to prevent the default context menu from popping up.
The following example will illustrate how to change the default behavior of the default context menu and hide it−
<html> <body> <div style = "background-color: #84abb5; color: white; height: 150px; text-align: center;"> <h2>It is the Demo web page for testing. </h2> </div> <script> document.oncontextmenu = hideRightClickMenu; function hideRightClickMenu(event) { event.preventDefault() // OR // return false; } </script> </body> </html>
In the above example, we saw how to remove or hide the default context menu functionality when right-clicking on a page by assigning a function using the preventDefault() method.
Let us now understand how to add a custom context menu and make it visible when right clicking on the page.
Step 1 - In the first step we will create a list of items that must be shown in the context menu and keep it shown: None; by default, only right click Click on the page to see it.
Step 2 - In the next step, we will use the
Step 3 - In the final step, we will add JavaScript functionality to the custom menu to display it on the web page after the user right-clicks on the page.
The following examples will illustrate how to prevent the default context menu from being displayed, and how to add and display a custom context menu −
<html> <head> <style> #customContextMenu { position: absolute; background-color: #84abb5; color: white; height: 150px; width: 100px; text-align: center; } .menuItems { list-style: none; font-size: 12px; padding: 0; margin: 0; } .menuItems .items { padding: 5px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e6d4b6;} .menuItems .items:last-child { border: none;} .menuItems .items a {text-decoration: none; color: white;} </style> </head> <body> <div style = "background-color: green; color: white; height: 150px; text-align: center;"> <h2> Add a custom right-click menu to a webpage </h2> <p> Please right click to to see the menu </p> </div> <div id = "customContextMenu" style = "display: none;"> <ul class = "menuItems"> <li class = "items"><a href = "#"> Menu Item-1 </a></li> <li class = "items"><a href = "#"> Menu Item-2 </a></li> <li class = "items"><a href = "#"> Menu Item-3 </a></li> <li class = "items"><a href = "#"> Menu Item-4 </a></li> <li class = "items"><a href = "#"> Menu Item-5 </a></li> <li class = "items"><a href = "#"> Menu Item-6</a></li> </ul> </div> <script> // hiding the menu on click to the document function hideCustomContextMenu() { document.getElementById('customContextMenu').style.display = "none"; } // toggling the menu on right click to the page function showCustomContextMenu(event) { event.preventDefault(); var myContextMenu = document.getElementById('customContextMenu'); if (myContextMenu.style.display == "block") { myContextMenu.style.display = "none"; } else { myContextMenu.style.display = "block"; myContextMenu.style.left = event.pageX + "px"; myContextMenu.style.top = event.pageY + "px"; } } document.onclick = hideCustomContextMenu; document.oncontextmenu = showCustomContextMenu; </script> </body> </html>
In this example, we hide the default context menu and display our own created context menu when right-clicking on the page, at the position of the cursor when clicked.
In this article, we learned how to remove or hide the default context value when right-clicking on a web page, and display our own custom context menu in the same action. In this way we can add a custom context menu with the options we want to be displayed in it.
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