Starting from the command line: Building a secure and stable Linux server environment

Start from the command line: Build a secure and stable Linux server environment

With the rapid development of the Internet, Linux servers have become the first choice for many enterprises and individuals. To build a safe and stable Linux server environment, starting from the command line and configuring it step by step is a good choice.

So, let us start from scratch and build a safe and stable Linux server environment step by step.

Step one: Choose the right Linux distribution

First of all, it is very important to choose the right Linux distribution. Currently, many popular Linux distributions can be used as server operating systems, such as Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian, etc. Each distribution has its own unique features and benefits, and you can choose based on your needs.

Step 2: Install the basic system

Installing the basic Linux server system is the second step. You can use command line tools or graphical interface tools for installation. If you are familiar with the command line, it is recommended to use the command line tool. After the installation is complete, follow the prompts to perform basic settings and configuration of the system.

Step 3: Update and upgrade the system

After completing the system installation, it is recommended to update and upgrade the system immediately to obtain the latest security patches and features. Use the following commands to update and upgrade the system:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

If you are using CentOS or other distributions, you can use the corresponding package management tools to update and upgrade.

Step 4: Configure the firewall

In order to protect the server from malicious attacks, it is very important to configure the firewall. The Linux server provides a firewall software by default, such as iptables, ufw, etc. You can choose a suitable firewall according to your needs and configure it accordingly.

For example, using iptables you can use the following command to configure the firewall:

sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A INPUT -j DROP

After this configuration, only port 80 and port 22 are open, and all other ports will be closed.

Step 5: Install and configure security software

Installing and configuring some security software can improve the security of the server. For example, install fail2ban to prevent brute force cracking and malicious logins, install ClamAV to detect and remove viruses, install OSSEC to monitor intrusion behavior, and so on. By carefully configuring these security software, you can better protect your server.

Step 6: Set up regular backup

Regular backup is an important measure to maintain server data security. You can use command line tools to set up regular backup tasks and store backup files in a safe place, such as cloud storage or an external hard drive.

Step 7: Strengthen account and password security

It is also very important to strengthen the security of account and password. You can increase the security of your server by using strong passwords, changing passwords regularly, and setting up multi-factor authentication. In addition, you also need to pay attention to operations such as regularly cleaning up accounts that are no longer in use and prohibiting root users from logging in remotely.

Step 8: Monitoring and logging

In order to detect potential security issues in a timely manner, monitoring and logging are essential. There are tools you can use to monitor your server's performance and security and log all important operations and events. In this way, you can detect and solve problems in time to ensure the continued stable operation of the server.

Summary:

Through the above step-by-step configuration, you can build a safe and stable Linux server environment. Of course, this is just a basic guide, and the actual configuration will need to be adjusted based on your specific needs and circumstances. At the same time, it's important to continually learn and update your knowledge, as security is an ever-changing field. I hope this article can be helpful to you, and I wish you success in building a Linux server environment!

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